Bandaging Flashcards
Functions of ______:
Promote Healing
Protect Wounds
Absorption
Eliminate Dead Space
Apply or Relieve Pressure
Modulate Pain
Stabilize
Bandages
*Promote Healing- Bandages create Acidic Environments that Increase Oxygenation at Wound Site and Promote Healing
*Absorption- Bandages take Discharge away from the wound Itself
*Compression of A Bandage will help to Eliminate Dead space, Edema and Inflammation at the Wound
Component of Bandage that Directly Contacts Wound or Patient Surface
Primary Layer
Component of Bandage that Should Never Contact Wound
Secondary Layer
*Hold the Primary Layer in Place
Component of Bandage that is the Outermost Layer
Tertiary Layer
*Protects and Helps Keep Clean the Primary and Secondary Layer
_____ Layer of Bandage:
Absorbs/Transfers Exudate and Discharge to Secondary Layer
Maintains Moist Wound Environment
Sterile
Primary Layer
*Allows Exudate and Discharge from the Wound to be Absorbed into the Secondary Layer
*Sterile- Don’t Introduce Bacteria to the Level of the Wound itself
Two Adherent Types of Primary Layers
Dry to Dry
Wet to Dry -More Common
We use ____ Primary Layer Bandages, when there is a Lot of Discharge produced by the Wound
Adherent (Wet to Dry)
*Adherent Primary Layer- Provides the Best Effect for Drawing out Discharge that is Produced by the Wound better than any other type of Bandage
_____ Primary Layers are commonly used when the Wound Initlally Occurs. Once Necrotic Debris and Infectious Material are Removed from the Wound, we typically switch to ____ Primary Layers
Adherent
Non Adherent
*When Wound first occurs, we use an Adherent Wet-Dry Primary Layer. After 3-5 Days we usually switch to a Non-Adherent Primary Layer Bandage
Placement of Dry Sterile Adherent Gauze to an Open Wound, that is Typically used for placing a Bandage or Cast on a Patient
Dry to Dry Dressings
*Typically DO NOT use Dry to Dry- Dry material on a Wound will Adhere to the Wound making it Painful to Remove and can significantly Disrupt Healing Tissue. NEVER want to use Dry to Dry on a Wound
Most Common Adherent Bandage, that uses Sterile Saline or LRS on Gauze Early in Wound Managment (First 3-5 Days)
Wet to Dry Dressings
*Used during the Intial Managment of Wound
Don’t use Wet to Dry Dressings on Healthy Tissue because it can Damage Tissue
Advantages of which Primary Layer Bandage:
Provides Hydration
Dilutes Exudate
Wicks Exudate
Removes Necrotic Tissue
Wet to Dry Dressing
*Removes Exudate and Bacteria through a Wicking Effect
Disadvantages of which Primary Layer Bandage:
Can Damage Healthy Tissue
Painful upon Removal
Wet to Dry Dressings
True/False: Once Granulation Tissue has begun to Form, we will Switch from a Wet to Dry Bandage to a Non Adherent Bandage
True
*Only use Wet-Dry Bandages for Initial Management of Wound (3-5 Days)
______ Primary Layer Bandages:
Applied to Healthy Tissue
Dressing Removal Without Disturbance
Provides Moisture
Allows Absorption
Non Adherent Dressings
*Ex. Tefla
*Non Adherent Dressings- Allow Absorption, although Not as Well as Wet-Dry Bandages
Primary Layer Dressing that Minimally Disrupts Wound Healing when Replaced
Non Adherent Dressing
*Healing Products and Granulation Tissue are preserved when Non Adherent Dressing is Replaced- Allows wound to Heal more Rapidly and is not as Painful upon Removal
Functions of ____ Bandage Layer:
Absorb and Hold Drainage from Wound
Provide Support or Immobilization
Decrease Dead Space
Reduce Edema
Control Hemorrahge
Hold Primary Dressing in Place
Secondary
Materials used for ____ Layer of Bandage:
Rolled Cotton
Cast Padding
Gauze Pads
Rolled Gauze
Secondary
Criteria for ____ of Secondary Layer:
Amount of Discharge
Amount of Pressure required
Amount of Support
Immobilization
Protection
Thickness
*The more Padding you put, the more you can Compress that Padding and provide support
When Applying Secondary Layer, Leave Digits ____ and ____ Exposed if Possible
3 and 4
*Digits- Help us to Monitor the Bandage. If we see Swelling of the Digits, there may be a problem going on underneath the Bandage that we need to Address- Possibly too Tight
When Applying Secondary Layer, as a Rule of Thumb you Overlap approximately ___%
50%
*General Rule of Thumb
Which of the Following Regarding Secondary Bandage Layer is FALSE:
A. Apply Proximal to Distal on Limbs
B. Should Never Contact Wound
C. Bandage in Normal Functional Angle unless Indicated
D. Change Before Exudate Reaches Tertiary Layer
A. Apply Proximal to Distal on Limbs
*Apply DISTAL to PROXIMAL on Limbs
If we go Proximal to Distal we always cause Venous Congestion at the Distal Limb and Swelling of the Paw
Characteristics of ______ Layer:
Binding Layer
Protects Underlying Layers from Contamination
Porous/Breathable
Tertiary Layer
*Porous and Breathable and help to Protect the Outer Portion of the Bandage and Prevent Contamination of the Secondary Layer
Common Products used for _____ Layer:
Elasticon
Vet Wrap
Tertiary Layer
Bandages tend to ____ towards Narrower Circumferences
Slip
*Big Problem with Bandage Placement- Bandage Slippage
Technique used to Anchor Limb Bandages and Prevent Slip:
2 Strips of Adhesive Tape are placed Directly onto the Limb
Tongue Depressor is Placed Distal to the Paw to Facilitate Separating these Two Strips of Tape when you are Done
Place Bandage Material Around the Limb
Turn Tape 180 Degrees and Place onto the Bandage
Stirrups
*Almost Always used for Distal Limb Bandages- Minimizes/Prevents Slippage
Technique used to Prevent Torsal and Abdominal Bandage Slippage:
Wide Piece of Elasticon is Placed around the Most Cranial Portion of the Abdomen where the Bandage will be Placed
Place Abdominal Bandage
Use Tape as an Overlay to Place a Second Layer of Elasticon that Engages the Underlying Elasticon that is Adhered to the Patients Body
Tape Overlay
Technique used to Prevent Bandage Slippage:
Figure 8 Bandage Material Placed Around Forelimbs
Place Tape Cross-Buckle to Hold Bandage Cranially
Torso Strap
Technique used to Prevent Bandage Slippage:
Used in Areas where Circumfrential Bandage is Difficult
Tie Loose Interrupted Sutures around Periphery of Wound
Cover with Dressing
Umbilical Tape Holds in place
Tie Over Bandage
*Enables us to Remove Umbilical tape and change bandage when we need to without significant discomfort to the patient
Bandage used to Protect Incision Lines Post Op, in Areas where Circumferential Bandages Cannot be Placed
Patch Bandage
*Padding Material Placed over Incision and Adhesive Tape is Placed over the Top and it adheres to the skin around
Bandage Technique used for Tail Bandages:
Place Bandage with Appropriate Layers
Incorporate Fur on the Last Tape Layer
Fur Incorporation
*Place Bandage, and the in Last Layer incorporate a piece of Fur into the Adhesive Material- The Bandage cannot come off. Used for Tail Bandages
True/False: Bandages have to be Monitored Frequently
True
*If you are going to Discharge a Patient, you send the client home and give specific Instructions on how to Monitor Bandage- Extremely Important
Which of these should be Looked For After Bandage Placement?
A. Pain or Discomfort
B. Swollen/Cold Digits
C. Fould Odor
D. Drainage or Discharge
E. Mutilation
F. Fever
All of the Above
*If Patient has a Fever- Remove Bandage. Could be Infection of Wound
*If ANY of these Problems are Occuring- Remove Bandage and Examine
Most Commonly Applied Bandage in Small Animal Practice, used to:
Protect Wounds
Provide LITTLE Support and Compression
Modified Robert Jones Bandage
How to Apply _____ Bandage:
- 1 Inch Porous Tape for Stirrups
- Apply Cast Padding Overlapping 50% from Distal to Proximal
- Leave Digit 3 and 4 Exposed
- Roll Gauze with Even Pressure Distal to Proximal
- Twist Stirrups 180 Degrees and Tape up
- Use Vet Wrap or Elastikon as Tertieary Protective Layer
Modified Robert Jones
Bandage Characterized Below:
Utilizes Aluminum Rods or Plastic Splints to add Additional Support for Minimally Displaced Stable Fractures
Reinforced Modified Robert Jones
Bandage Type that Provides:
Temporary Support of Fracture Distal to Stifle or Elbow
Provides Compression and Minimizes Swelling
Robert Jones Bandage
*Primarily used for temporary stabilization of Fractures distal to the Stifle or Elbow
*NEVER used to Stabilize Humural or Femoral Fractures
How to Apply _____ Bandage:
- Placement of Taped Stirrups
- Place Multiple Layers of Roll Cotton as Proximal and Distal as Possible
- Evenly Compress Cotton into Tight Cylinder
- Tertiary Layer with Vet Wrap or Elasticon
Robert Jones Bandage
Temporary Splint used for Fractures or Luxations Proximal to, or Including, the Elbow or Stifle that Provides Immobilization of Upper Extremities
Spica Splint
*Stabilization to the Elbow, Stifle or PROXIMAL
How to Apply _____ Splint:
- Layers of Roll Cotton are Extended around the Limb and Trunk
- Conforming Bandage Compresses the Cotton
- Aluminum Rod is Fitted
- Aluminum Rod is Placed in Tertiary Layer
- Aluminum Rod is Bent over Back
Spica Splint
*Aluminum Rod is Fitted over the Back of the Patient to help Immobalize the Proximal Limb
Sling, that Creates a Non-Weight Bearing Forelimb , for Immobilization after Reduction of Shoulder Luxation and Stabilization for some Scapular Fractures
Velpeau Sling
*Typically used for Scapular Fractures or Shoulder Luxations
How to Apply _____ :
- Carpus and Elbow in Moderate Flexation
- Wrap Cast Padding and Conforming Gauze
- Follow Around Torso with Elastikon or Vet Wrap
Velpeau Sling
*Allows Scapular Fractures to Heal Well
Sling used to Create a Non-Weight Bearing Hind Limb, The Provides Femoral Abduction thas it Indicated after Reduction of Cranial Dorsal Hip Luxation
Ehmers Sling
*Helps to Push the Head of the Femur into the Joint
*The Majority of Hip Luxations are Dorsal Cranial
How to Apply_____:
- Elastikon is Placed in Figure Eight Fashion around the Distal Limb
- Tape Proximal to Hock Minimizes Sliding
- Placing a Band around the Belly help to Achieve Abduction and Minimize Slipping
Ehmers Sling
Adjustable and Breathable Material that Minimizes Skin Irritation from Tape, which can be Purchased as Ehmers Sling or Velpeau Sling
DoggLeggs
*Pre-made Vests and Slings- Durable and Adjustable
Sling that Creates a Non Weight Bearing Hind Limb and Allows Limited Motion
Pelvic Limb Sling
*Limb still has Motion
Sling Indicated in:
Tibial or Femoral Fracture Repairs
Post-op Coxofemoral or Stifle Surgery
Pelvic Limb Sling
How to Apply _____:
- Place 2-4 Inch Belly Band as Anchor
- Create Sling using 2-3 Inch Porous Tape 4x’s Longer than Limb
- Fold Adhesive Sides
- Secure to Belly Band and Below Stifle
Pelvic Limb Sling
*Creates Non-Weight Bearing Limb and is able to Move
Indications for ______:
Minimially Displaced Stable Fractures
Distal to the Elbow or Stifle
Young Fast Healing Patients
Full Leg Cast
*Used for Fractures that are Minimally Displaced and will Heal Rapidly- Mainly used in YOUNGER PATIENTS
Contraindications for ______:
Don’t Apply over Wounds
Don’t Apply with Significant Inflammation
Don’t Cast Femur or Humerus
Full Leg Cast
*Cannot place any type of Cast on a Femur or Humerus
How to Apply ______:
- Place Tape Stirrups
- Place Stockinette 2 Inches Above Cast
- Cast Padding in Same Fashion as Modified Robert Jones
- Extend Cast Padding 1cm Beyond Intended Length of Cast
- Use Gloves, Squeeze Roll in Cold Water
- Roll Stockinette After First Layer
Full Leg Cast
*Stockinette- Wicks any Moisture
Technique that Allows Reuse of Cast Material as a Splint
Bivalved Cast
*Provide Custom Made Splints for our Patients
*Take a Cast and use a Cast Cutter to reuse Cast Material as a Splint
Splint that is Used for Fractures at or Below Carpus, that Provides additional support following Fractures, Luxations and Arthrodesis
Metacarpal/Metatarsal Splints
