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Surgery Laboratory > Aseptic Technique > Flashcards

Aseptic Technique Flashcards

1
Q

PREVENT Wound Contamination by Destroying Organisms Before they Enter the Wound

A

Asepsis

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2
Q

Killing of Bacteria AFTER They have Entered the Wound

A

Antisepsis

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3
Q

The process of Destroying ALL Microorganisms (Bacteria, Fungi, Spores)

A

Sterilization

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4
Q

Goal of Aseptic Surgical Technique

A

Goal is to MINIMIZE Contamination of Surgical Wounds

*Most Surgical Wounds contain Bacteria by the time the Procedure is Completed

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5
Q

Scrub that Removes Gross Dirt and Debris

A

Primary (“Rough”) Scrub

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6
Q

Germicidal Soap Scrub:

Circular Motion: Site to Periphery

Scrub GENTLY

_____ Minute Minimum Contact Time

A

Five

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7
Q

Primary Aerial Bacterial Source

A

YOU (Surgeon)

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8
Q

Lab Coat Protects Scrubs from Hair and Loose Debris and should be Worn Anytime _____ in Sterile Area

A

NOT

*Remove Lab Coat when Entering Sterile Area

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9
Q

Surgeon Skin Preparation/Washing:

Remove Gross Dirt and Oil

Reduce Surface Bacterial Count

Suppress Bacterial Growth

Hands always Higher than ______\_

A

Elbows

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10
Q

The _____ Gloving Technique is Preferred because there is much LESS Risk of Breaking Aseptic Technique

A

Closed

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11
Q

Which of the Following is NOT Sterile once Surgery Starts?

A. Back, Neck, Shoulders, Axillae, Below Waist

B. Anything Below Table Height

C. Wet Gowns or Drapes (unless Waterproof)

D. Any Instrument or Surface you are not sure of

A

All the Above are NOT Sterile once Surgery Starts

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12
Q

Most Common Method of Sterilization:

Causes Destruction or Denaturation of Cellular Proteins

Steam must Contact Surface to Sterilize

Minimum Standard: 250 Degrees F, 15 psi, 13 Minutes

A

Steam Sterilization (Autoclaving)

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13
Q

Method of Sterilization Described Below:

Takes Longer than Other Methods: 12-24 Hour Cycles

Aerate Thoroughly: Gas Permeable Items should NOT be used for 24 Hours after Sterilization (Irritant/Carcinogen)

Effectiveness Dependent on Gas Concentration, Temperature, Exposure Time and Humidity

A

Chemical Sterilization- Ethylene Oxide

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14
Q

Method of Sterilization Described Below:

Two Phases: Peracetic Acid Vapor Phase and Plasma Phase

Ionized or Partially Ionized Gas

Produced by Passing Electromagnetic Energy through a Mixture of Stable Gases

Cheaper/Load and Safer than Ethylene Oxide but Higher initial Cost

A

Chemical Sterilization- Gas Plasma

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15
Q

Method of Sterilization Described Below:

Used to Wash and Disinfect Surfaces

Dental Instruments and Scopes

Used for Scopes ect. which can’t be Sterilized by other Methods

A

Chemical Sterilization- “Cold” Disinfectants

*Ex. Chlorhexidine and Glutaraldehyde

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16
Q

When Preparing Packs for Sterilization:

Place Sterilization Indicator in Center of Pack and Indicator Tape on Outside

Identify Date Pack was Sterilized and Who Packed it

Put _______ on Infrequently Used Packs

A

Expiration Date

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17
Q

Heat Sealed Paper/Transparent Plastic Pouch has a Shelf Life of______

A

1 Year

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18
Q

_______ Principles of Surgery

A

Halsted’s

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19
Q

______ Reduces Risk of Infection by Removing Bacteria and Loose Tissue Fragments From Wound

A

Wound Lavage

*Moist Tissues = Happy Tissues

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20
Q

_____ Dissection is Preferred in Most Instances

A

Sharp

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21
Q

Tissue Manipulation = ________

A

Tissue Trauma

*Minimize Trauma by using Most Direct Approach with Ample Length of Incision

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22
Q

Instrument that Divides Tissue with Least Collateral Damage and Precise Control

A

Scalpel

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23
Q

Hemorrhage that Occurs AFTER 24 Hours Post-Op usually the Result of Ineffective Ligation

A

Secondary Delayed Hemorrhage

*Ex. Ligatures Slipping Off Larger Vessels

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24
Q

Hemorrhage that Occurs WITHIN 24 Hours of Surgery

A

Intermediate Delayed Hemorrhage

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25
Q

Hemorrhage that Occurs DURING Surgery

A

Primary Hemorrhage

26
Q

Complications of _______ during Surgical Procedure:

Obscured Surgical Field

Increases Rate of Infection

Hematoma Formation- Painful

May be Life Threatening

A

Uncontrolled Bleeding/Hemorrhage

27
Q

True/False: Most Bleeding can be Controlled by Applying Pressure while Deciding How to Best Manage the Situation

A

True

28
Q

Name Three Techniques used for Temporary Hemostasis

A

Pressure

Hemostatic Forceps

Topical Hemostatic Agents

29
Q

Name Four Techniques used for Definitive Hemostasis

A

Electrocoagulation

Ligature

Vascular Clips

Primary Vascular Repair

30
Q

Technique used for Definitive Hemostasis Described Below:

Electrical Current Delivered to Tissues

Heat is Produced by Tissue Resistance to the Current: Hemostasis

Advantages:

Decreased Blood Loss and Operative Time

Disadvantages:

Less Hemostatic Security than Ligation

Collateral Tissue Damage

A

Electrocoagulation

31
Q

Technique used for Definitive Hemostasis Described Below:

MOST SECURE Occlusion

No Limit to Vessel Size

A

Ligatures

32
Q

Technique used for Definitive Hemostasis Described Below:

Rapidly, Easily Applied

Risk of Dislodgement

Vessels up to 5mm

A

Vascular Clips

33
Q

Scalpel Handle Used in Small Animals vs. Large Animals

A

# 3- Small Animals

# 4- Large Animals

34
Q

Correct Blade Angle used for Cutting with a #10 Blade

A

30 Degrees

*10s Blades used on # 3 Handles

35
Q

Scalpel Grip used for:

Finger Movement

Excellent Control

Short Precise Incisions

A

Pencil Grip

36
Q

Scalpel Grip used for:

Arm Motion

Long Incision

A

Fingertip Grip

37
Q

Review Card: Scalpel Grips

A
38
Q

Cutting Technique Described Below:

Pencil Grip or FInger Tip Grip

Pressure Applied at 90 Degrees Angle to Blade Motion

Incision Made with One Continuous Motion Through the Entire Tissue Layer

A

Slide Cutting

39
Q

Cutting Technique Described Below:

Fingertip Grip

Sub-Bursting Pressure Applied to Blade while Moving in Perpendicular Motion

Tissue Layer Separation Without Risk of Cutting

Indications: Granulation Tissue Debridement, Elevation of Muscles

A

Scraping

40
Q

Describe How to Hold Ringed Instruments

A

Thumb and Ring Finger Placed in Rings

Index Finger can be Placed Along the Shank for Added Control and Stability

41
Q

Scissors Described Below:

Identified by Slender Blades

Used for Dissection and Cutting DELICATE Tissues

A

Metzenbaum Scissors

*Do NOT use to Cut Heavy Fascia

42
Q

Scissors Described Below:

Thicker Blades

Used for General Dissection and Cutting Tougher Tissue such as Muscle Fascia, Tendon and the LINEA ALBA

A

Mayo Scissors

43
Q

Scissors Described Below:

Short Thick Blades with Serrated Edges

Good for Cutting Sutures and Drape Material

A

Vernon Cartilage and Wire Scissors

44
Q

Most Commonly used Scissor Grip

A

Forehand Grip

45
Q

Scissor Technique Described Below:

Initiate with Small Scissor Cut

When Blades are Nearly Closed, Push Scissors to Cut tissue Layer in one Continuous Motion

Used to Separate Sheets of Tissue- Ex. Reflecting Subcutaneous

A

Push Cutting

*Just like Cutting Wrapping Paper

46
Q

Most Common Grip for using Thumb Forceps

A

Pencil Grip

47
Q

Very Common General Use Thumb Forceps

A

Adson-Brown Thumb Forceps

*Grasp as little Tissue with as Little Pressure as Possible

48
Q

Where should we Grasp Needle with Needle Holders?

A

1/2 to 2/3 from Tip

49
Q

Name these Needle Holders

A

Mayo Hegar Needle Holders

50
Q

Recommended Grip for Needle Holders that Provides Excellent Control

A

Thumb-Ring Finger Grip

51
Q

Grip used for Needle Holders Described below:

Ring Finger Placed in Ring

Thumb placed along Shaft and used to Open/Close Ratchets

Maintains good Control but Increases Speed

A

Thenar Eminence Grip

52
Q

Grip used for Needle Holders Described below:

Rapid Suturing but Less Precise Control

Strong Driving Force for Placing Sutures in Tough Tissues

A

Palm Grip

53
Q

List the Three Types of Hemostatic Forceps

A
54
Q

Temporarily Loosening Hemostat to Facilitate Tightening of Ligature on Vascular Pedicles

A

Flashing

55
Q

Hemostatic Forcep Described Below:

Delicate Hemostat used for Ligating Individual Vessels

Transverse Serrations Extend down Entire Length of Jaw

A

Halstead Mosquito Forceps

56
Q

Hemostatic Forcep Described Below:

Intermediate Size Hemostat

Transverse Serrations Extend HALF WAY down Jaws

A

Kelly Hemostatic Forceps

57
Q

Hemostatic Forcep Described Below:

Used to Occlude Large Vascular Structures such as the Ovarian Pedicle

A

Rochester-Carmalt Hemostatic Forceps

58
Q

Instrument used to Secure the Drapes to the Skin

A

Backhaus Towel Clamps

59
Q

Instrument Described Below:

Used to Grasp Tissue Facilitating Retraction

DO NOT place on Skin

A

Allis Tissue Forceps

60
Q

Instrument used to Aid Exteriorization of Uterine Horn during Ovariohysterectomy

A

Snook Ovariohysterectomy Hook

Surgery Laboratory (7 decks)

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