Ballast: Chapter 7 - Building Context Flashcards
Early urban settlements were focused around which 3 aspects of daily life?
Religion, Marketplace, Administration (with a wall surrounding)
Renaissance urban development focused on which 2 aspects of urban design?
Aesthetics and points of interest
The deplorable conditions of Industrial Revolution urban conditions led to a push for improvements in which 3 categories?
Potable water supply, sewage, and open spaces/recreational spaces
Which of the following did NOT advocate for Renaissance-inspired urban improvements?
A) Christopher Wren, London 1666
B) Camillo Site, Austria 1889
C) Ebenezer Howard, Garden City 1898
D) Pierre Charles L’Enfant, Washington D.C. 1791
B) Site
Site advocated for Medieval urban strategies of curving, irregular streets with T-shaped intersections in his book “City Planning According to Artistic Principles”
Tony Garnier’s Cité Industrille (1917) was the first example of what urban design strategy?
Zoning. Garnier separated residential, public, and industrial uses and reconnected them with vehicular and pedestrian paths
Philadelphia and Savannah are examples of cities based on what organizational system?
Flatiron. Philly has regularly planned open spaces and Savannah is based on large, square wards with residential, civic, and open spaces
Frederick Law Olmstead’s City Beautiful movement, displayed at the 1893 Columbian Exhibition, endorsed which aspects of urban development?
Formal parks, classically designed civic buildings, broad, tree-lined parkways
With what organizational scheme did Frank Lloyd Wright and Le Corbusier envisioned cities?
Vast tracts of open land between centers of activity (towers in the park)
The post-WWII boom in suburban development was a result of what 2 factors?
Post-WWII population boom and development of rail and road networks to escape overcrowded cities
What are the 5 modern urban development patterns?
Grid, star, Field, Satellite, Megalopolis
What are Kevin Lynch’s 5 elements of Urban Design as laid out in “The Image of the City”?
Path, Edge, Districts, Nodes, Landmarks
What is a P.U.D.?
Planned Unit Development. Generally a large parcel for mixed use (residential, commercial, and recreational) with a variety of housing density
What are the 3 strategies of Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED)?
Electronic surveillance, alarms, and human resources
Areas defined by geopolitical, ethnical, and/or spatial boundaries that would utilize a proposed development?
Catchment Area
The intersection of which 2 types of road would most likely have a stop light?
A) Local/Local
B) Local/Collector
C) Collector/Arterial
D) Arterial/Expressway
C) Collector/Arterial
A) & B) would have stop signs, D) would have ramps
