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Anatomy Unit 3 > Bagchi Bullshit > Flashcards

Bagchi Bullshit Flashcards

1
Q

How does the diameter of the small intestine change as it progresses from beginning to end?

A

It narrows.

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2
Q

The duodenum forms a C shape around which parts of which organ?

A

The head and neck of the pancreas.

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3
Q

The duodenom is divided into which four parts?

A

Superior, descending, horizontal, ascending.

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4
Q

What level is the superior part of the duodenum at?

A

L1

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5
Q

Which part of the superior part of the duodenum is retroperitoneal?

A

The distal part.

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6
Q

Where do most ulcers in the duodenum occur?

A

The proximal part of the superior part of the duodenum.

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7
Q

What 3 structures are anterior to the superior part of the duodenum?

A

peritoneum, gall bladder, and quadrate lobe of the liver.

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8
Q

What 4 structures are postieor to the superior part of the duodenum?

A

Bile duct, portal vein, inferior vena cava, gastroduodenal artery.

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9
Q

What structure is superior to the superior part of the duodenum?

A

the neck of the gallbladder.

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10
Q

What structure is inferior to the superior part of the duodenum?

A

the neck of the pancreas.

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11
Q

What level is the descending duodenum located at?

A

L1-L3.

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12
Q

The descending duodenum is right and parallel to which structure?

A

The inferior vena cava.

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13
Q

What 3 structures are anterior to the descending duodenum?

A

the transverse colon, transverse mesocolon, small intestine.

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14
Q

What4 structures are posterior to the descending duodenum?

A

hilus of the right kidney, renal vessels, ureter, right psoas major muscle.

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15
Q

What 3 structures are medial to the descending duodenum?

A

head of the pancreas, pancreatic duct, bile duct.

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16
Q

The horizontal part of the duodenum is at which level and what structures does it pass in front of?

A

It is at L3 level and passes anterior to the inferior vena cava and the aorta.

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17
Q

What 2 structures are anterior to the horizontal duodenum?

A

the superior mesenteric a/v, coils of small intestine.

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18
Q

What 4 structures are posterior to the horizontal duodenum?

A

right psoas major, inferior vena cava, aorta, ureter.

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19
Q

What 2 structures are superior to the horizontal duodenum?

A

head of the pancreas and superior mesenteric vessels.

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20
Q

What supports the duodenojejunal flexure?

A

The suspensory muscle of the duodenum.

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21
Q

What structures are anterior to the ascending duoduenum?

A

root of the mesentery and coil of jejunum.

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22
Q

What structures are posterior ot the ascending duodenum?

A

left psoas major muscle and left margin of the aorta.

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23
Q

What structure is medial to the ascending doubdenum?

A

head of pancreas

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24
Q

What structure is superior to the ascending duodenum?

A

The body of the pancreas.

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25
Q

Name the 4 duodenal recesses:

A

superior, inferior, retro, and paraduodenal

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26
Q

Which vein is carried by the paraduodenal recess?

A

The inferior mesentery vein.

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27
Q

What arteries supply the blood to the duodenum?

A

The superior;inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries.

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28
Q

The first part of the duodenum may receive blood from what 4 sources?

A

supraduodenal, right gastric, gastro-omental, and gastroduoudenal.

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29
Q

Describe the venous drainage of the duodenum.

A

Drain into portal venous system directly or into the mesenteric vein.

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30
Q

Which vein does the prepyloric vein drain into?

A

The right gastric vein.

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31
Q

What 3 lymph nodes drain the duodenum/

A

the pancreaticoduodenal nodes, pyloric nodes, superior mesenteric nodes.

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32
Q

What innervates the duodenum?

A

vagus and sympatheric nerves.

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33
Q

What is the pancreas’s relation to the stomach/

A

It is posteriorly located.

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34
Q

The pancreas is divided into what parts?

A

Head, neck, body, tail.

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35
Q

Is the pancreas peritoneal or retroperitoneal?

A

retroperitoneal except for tip of the tail.

36
Q

What 3 structures are located posterior ot the head of the pancreas?

A

the inverior vena cava, the right renal vessels, and the bile duct.

37
Q

What runs posteriorly to the neck of the pancreas?

A

The superior mesenteric vessels and portal vein formation.

38
Q

The body of the pancreas is located between which two branches of the abdominal aorta?

A

The celiac trunk and the superior mesenteric artery.

39
Q

The posterior body of the pancreas contacts which 4 structures?

A

aorta, superior mesenteric arteries, supradrenal gland, left kidney.

40
Q

The tail of the pancreas passes between what?

A

The two layers of splenorenal ligaments.

41
Q

Which 3 sphincters regulate the flow of bile and pancreatic juice.

A

pancreatic duct, hepatopancreatic, choleodochal.

42
Q

What part of the pancreas does the acccessory duct drain?

A

part of the head.

43
Q

What arteries supply the pancreas?

A

small branches off of the splenic artery and anterior/posterior pancreatoduodenal.

44
Q

Which veins do the pancreativ veins drain into?

A

Portal, splenic, and superior mesenteric veins. Most into splenic.

45
Q

Describe the lymph drainage of teh pancreas.

A

Pancreatiosplenic nodes, pyloric nodes. Draining into celiac, hepatic, and supeiror mesenteric nodes.

46
Q

Which nerves innervate the pancreas?

A

Vagus and splanchinc nerves.

47
Q

Which plexuses supply the autonomics to the pancreas?

A

celiac and supeiror mesenteric

48
Q

Is the spleen periotoneal or retroperitoneal?

A

it is peritoneal.

49
Q

Which two ligaments are associated with the hilum of the spleen?

A

gastrosplenic and splenorenal ligaments.

50
Q

The diaphragmatic surface of the spleen contacts which ribs?

A

9-11.

51
Q

Describe the blood supply to the spleen?

A

5-7 branches from the splenic artery. No anastomeses.

52
Q

Which large vein drains into the splenic vein?

A

The inferior mesenteric vein.

53
Q

What lymph nodes drain the spleen?

A

pancreaticosplenic.

54
Q

The spleen is innervated by nerves from which plexus?

A

celiac plexus and is vasomotor.

55
Q

The small intestine is held into place by which mesentery?

A

The mesentery. holds the jejunum and ileum.

56
Q

Which part of the small intestine is located neart the umbilical region of the abdomen?

A

jejunum.

57
Q

What are the circular folds in the small intestines called?

A

Plicae circulares

58
Q

Describe the mesentery connecting the jejunum.

A

It is fat free and transparent.

59
Q

Arterial supply to the jejunum is from what?

A

The jejunal branches of the superior mesenteric artery. (left side of it)

60
Q

Which stretch of intestine has a longer vassa recta?

A

Jejunum.

61
Q

Which vein drains the jejunum?

A

Superior mesenteric veins.

62
Q

Lymph from the jejunum ends up in which lymph node?

A

superior mesenteric nodes

63
Q

Describe the mesentery of the ileum.

A

Has abundant fat and therefore is less transparent.

64
Q

Which artery supplies the ileum?

A

The ileal branches from the SMA.

65
Q

What are the 3 bands of muscle on the large intestine called?

A

Taenia coli.

66
Q

What are the sacs on the colon called?

A

haustra.

67
Q

What are the outpouches of fat off of the colon called?

A

epiploic appendages.

68
Q

What is the muscle that separates the ileum and cecum called?

A

the ileocecal valve. It is weak.

69
Q

What physical characteristic marks the beginning of the rectum?

A

The termination of the taenia coli.

70
Q

Which artery is the second branch of the abdominal aorta arising at the level of L1?

A

The sueprior mesenteric artery.

71
Q

What are the three branches off of the superior mesenteric artery?

A

Right colic, ileocolic, and middle colic.

72
Q

What part of the colon does the right colic artery supply?

A

The ascending colon.

73
Q

What parts of the colon does the ileocolic artery supply?

A

ileum, cecum, and appendix.

74
Q

What are the 5 branches coming off of the ileocolic artery?

A

ascending colic, anterior cecal, posterior cecal, appendicular, ileal branch.

75
Q

What artery supplies the transverse colon?

A

the middle colic artery

76
Q

Which artery is the main supply to the sigmoid colon?

A

inferior mesenteric artery arises at the level of L3.

77
Q

What 3 branches come off of the inferior mesenteric artery?

A

left colic, sigmoid artery, and superior rectal artery.

78
Q

What is the marginal artery?

A

results from the anastomeses of ileocolic, right, left, middle colic arteries.

79
Q

Which nerves supply the cecum and appendix and ascending colon?

A

celiac and supieror mesenteric ganglia.

80
Q

Which plexus innervates the transverse colon?

A

the supeiror mesenteric plexus.

81
Q

What plexuses innervate the descending colon?

A

lumbar part of sympathetic trunk and superior hypogastric.

82
Q

Which nerves supply the sigmoid colon?

A

superior hypogastric and pelvic splanchnic nerves.

83
Q

Portal systemic anasstomis in the gastro-esophageal area?

A

left gastric vein (portal) with esophageal vein (azygos)

84
Q

portal system anastomsis in the ano-rectal region?

A

superior rectal vein (portal) awith middle and inferior rectal veins (systemic)

85
Q

Portal anastomsis in the paraumbilical region?

A

paraumbilcial veins anastomse with veins in anterior abdominal wall.

Anatomy Unit 3 (3 decks)

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