Baddeley (1996b) Flashcards
1
Q
What were the aims of the study?
A
- To find out if LTM encodes acoustically (based on sound) or semantically (based on meaning).
- To see if LTM was like STM or, more specifically, if in LTM acoustically similarity of words would lead to more memory impairement than would semantic similarity of words.
2
Q
What was the Independent variable?
A
- Word list (type of words given)
3
Q
What was the Dependent variable?
A
- To remember the words in the correct order
4
Q
What was the sample
A
- Men and Women from Cambridge University
- Mainly students
- 72 altogether, a mixture of men and women
- There were 15-20 in each condition
5
Q
What type of experiment was it?
A
- Lab experiment
6
Q
What was the procedure?
A
- 72 particpants
- The ppts were split into 4 groups
- Acoustically similar, Acoustically dissimilar, Semantically similar and semantically dissimilar
- Set of 10 words, appeared for 3 seconds each.
- interference task- ppts completed six tasks involving memory digits recalled from slideshow in order by writing in one minute.
- After 4 learning trials, ppts were given a 15 minute interference task, copying 8 digit sequence
7
Q
What was the conclusion?
A
- Long Term encodes semantically
- STM encodes acoustically
- LTM pays no attention to how words sound for acoustic words
8
Q
What were the results?
A
- Acoustically similar list had no signifcant different
- Semantic similar list had significant differences
9
Q
What did acoustically similar mean?
A
- Ppts learned words that sound similar to each other
10
Q
What did acoustically dissimilar mean?
A
- Ppts learned words that do not sound similar to each other
11
Q
What did semantically similar mean?
A
- ppts learned words that mean the same kind of thing
12
Q
What did semantically dissimilar mean?
A
- Ppts learned words that did not mean the same thing but are used as much as those in the semantic similar condition
