Bacteriology: The Basics Flashcards
pathogens are prominently from
proteobacteria
someof the smallest bacteria are
rickettsia , .5 micron
shapes of bacteria
cocci - sphere bacillus - rod vibrio - curved spirillum spirochete
Mutualistic symboisis
host recieve goods and service and bacteria
commensalism is
bacteria may benefit while host may or not be unaffected
disease (pathagens)
bacteria causes damage indirect or direct
Opportunists
Pathobionts
under normal circ. doesn’t cause problems
can be pathogenic under some conditions
resons bacteria infection are on the rise
immunocompromised
antibiotic resistant bacteria
microbiota
bacteria associated with the human body
skin 10 to the 12
gut 10 to the 14
benefits of increasing diversity as you descend the tract is
extract energy and nutrients
immune system development
affect metabolism of drugs
protects against pathogens
colonization resistance is
not allow space for new bacteria to grab hold
differences between pro and eukaryote
single, circular chromosomes no internal organelles, no nucleus cell wall compent 70S ribosomes replication
bacteria replicate by
binary fission
binary fission phases
lag
log (exponential)
Stationary
Death
biofilm deveolpment stages
attachment
sessile growth
biofilm maturation
Dispersal
biofilms can form
in environment
medical devises
body surfaces
Gram +
retain purple dye due to petidoglycan
Gram - has
two layers: outer membrane and periplasmic
lipopolysaccharide
factors associated with bact. plasma membrane important to pathogenesis:
ETC- a and anaerobics sporulation Protein secretion system (types I-VII) Flagella Adhesins (fimbrial and afimbrial) Capsule
protein in flagella
flagelum? flagellin
flagellin is highly
antigenic
Pili (aka fimbriae) can mediate contact
with other bacteria, surfaces, host cell and ECM
pili can act as receptors
for phage, promote conjunction and biofilm formation
Type IV implicate in
conjugation (bacterial mating)
DNA binding/uptake (competence)
motility
Capsules are made of
polysaccharides
capsules provide protection against
desiccation, phage, detergents, antimicrobial peptides
antibodies against specific capsule (K antigen) are
opsonic
