Bacteriology Flashcards
Strep A: strep pyogenes
G+, catalase -, bacitracin sensitive, strep throat, impetigo, M protein helps it evade phagocytosis, beta-hemolytic
Strep B: strep agalactiae
GI&GU (UTI during pregnancy), Bacterial meningitis (neonatal), Beta-hemolytic, Calatase -, Bacitracin resistant
Staph aureus
Superficial lesions, pneumonia, food poisoning, fast bacterial diarrhea, Catalase +, Coagulase +, post-viral pneumonia (#1), VZV superinfection
Streptococus pneumoniae
“Pneumococcal”, optochin sensitive, otitis media, rusty sputum, bacterial meningitis, #1 cause of URI in adults
Haemophilus influenzae
2 cause of URI, bacterial meningitis, buccal cellulitis, exacerbation of chronic bronchitis
Bacterial meningitis, young children
H. Influenzae (vaccine), Non-polio Enterococcus
Which GI bacteria release preformed toxins?
Staph aureus, B. cereus
Which GI bacteria produce toxins in vivo?
C. perfringens, V. cholerae, EHEC, ETEC, C. difficile, and B. cereus
Which GI bacteria invade tissue?
C. jejuni, Salmonella, Shigella, EIEC
What organisms cause bloody/mucoid diarrhea (inflammatory, aka dysentery)?
C. jejnui (think undercooked poultry), Shigella, Salmonella S. typhi, Entamoeba histolytica
What organisms would cause abrupt, watery, secretory diarrhea?
S. aureus and Bacillus cereus
What organisms cause watery, secretory diarrhea 8-16 hrs after exposure?
Clostridium perfringens (think meat, poultry dishes)
What organisms cause watery, secretor ydiarrhea 48 h later?
E. coli (ETEC) and V. cholera
Diarrhea & water parks
Cryptosporidium parvum
Diarrhea & pet turtles, dairy products
Salmonella enteritidis
Very sever diarrhea in patient with AIDS
cryptosporidium parvum
Non-inflammatory diarrhea with nausea and vomiting.
S. aureus
Fatty diarrhea
Giardia lamblia (smiley face)
What organisms would lead to inflammatory diarrhea?
C. jejuni, Salmonella typhi, Shigella, EHEC, EIEC, EPEC, Entamoeba histolytica
What two organisms are the most common transmitters of y. pestis?
[Y. pestis = plague] Humans and fleas
Who is most likely to have a strep pneumonia infection? 15 mo. baby, 24 y.o. girl, or 55 y.o. male?
Babies and old people: biphasic prevalence
What organism causes syphilis and what is the name of the special lesion associated with it? What do you treat syphilis with?
Treponema pallidum. Condylomata lata. Penicillin G.
What organism causes Lyme disease? What do you treat it with?
Borrelia burgdorferi, treat with doxycycline
What bacteria are beta-hemolytic? gamma-hemolytic? alpha-hemolytic?
Strep A and B are beta-hemolytic. Enterococcus is gamma-hemolytic. Strep pneumonia is alpha-hemolytic.
What should you think about if you see a TB patient with negative PPD?
Immuno-compromised! HIV