Bactericidal Inhibitors of Protein Synthesis: Amino-glycosides Flashcards
antimicrobial spectrum for amino-glycosides and are they narrow or broad spectrum
narrow, aerobic G- bacilli
what two major organs can amino-glycosides cause major damage to
kidney and inner ears
MOA of amino-glycosides
bind to 30 s ribosomal subunits
are amino-glycosides bactericidal or bacteriostatic
bactericidal
which amino-glycosides is the most resistant to bacterial resistance
Amikacin
how are amino-glycosides absorbed
best: IV or IM (parentally)
very little is absorbed as PO dose
elimination of amino-glycosides
kidneys unmetabolized
major adverse affects of amino-glycosides
ototoxicity*
nephrotoxicity* (injure cells in proximal renal tubules)
others:
neuromuscular blockade, hypersensitivity reactions
drugs interactions of amino-glycosides
These are beneficial to amino-glycosides and enhance
antimicrobial activity:
PCNs
Cephalosporins
VancomycinGentamicin (Garamycin) primarily targets…
aerobic G- bacilli (P. aeruginosa and Enterobacteriae)
tx for enterococcal endocarditis in addition to cephalosporins or vancomycin or PCN (by G+ cocci)
Gentamicin
how do you administer Gentamicin for systemic infections
IV or IM
what do you topical Gentamicin for
G+ / G- ophthalmic infections
what is Tobramycin like
Gentamicin, literally mostly the same except it has less activity against enterocci & serratia and more activity against P. aeruginosa
what are two outstanding features of Amikacin
1) least vulnerable to inactivation by bacterial enzymes
2) has the boradest spectrum of all amino-glycosides against G- bacilli
