Bacterial/viral Cells And Disease

Question 1

What type of cells are bacteria

Answer 1

Prokaryotes

Question 2

What are the features of every typical bacterial cell?

Answer 2

• 70S ribosomes
• cytoplasm lacking membrane bound organelles
• no nucleus, single circular bacterial chromosome that is free in cytoplasm
• peptidoglycan cell wall
• cell membrane with mesosomes

Question 3

What are features of some, but not all bacterial cells?

Answer 3

• plasmids
• slimy capsule
• flagellum
• pili

Question 4

What is a virus?

Answer 4

Non cellular infectious particle

Question 5

Virus structure

Answer 5

Nucleic acid core surrounded by a protein coating known as a capsid.
Some viruses have an outer membrane known as a lipid envelope, with proteins attached (glycoproteins). There are also sometimes enzymes/proteins within the capsid.

Question 6

Structural differences between bacteria and viruses

Answer 6

• bacteria are cells, viruses are not
• bacteria surrounded by cell wall, viruses by protein capsid
• bacteria have DNA, viruses can be RNA or DNA
• bacteria have ribosomes, viruses do not
• bacterial DNA = circular, viral nucleic acids = linear

Question 7

How do viruses reproduce?

Answer 7

They can only reproduce by infecting living host cells and using their protein building machinery to build new virus particles

Question 8

What is a disease?

Answer 8

An illness or disorder of the body or mind that leads to poor health

Question 9

What are infectious diseases?

Answer 9

Diseases caused by pathogens, which are therefore transmissible and can be spread between individuals of a population

Question 10

What bacteria causes TB?

Answer 10

Mycobacterium tuberculosis