Bacterial Structures and Lab Tests

Question 1

Structure and function of Peptidoglycan

Answer 1

Forms rigid structure of the cell wall in bacteria. Protects against osmotic gradient.

Question 2

Component in gram (+)s that induces anaphylactic reaction (leading to shock) and name the 2 mediators secreted by the immune system in response.

Answer 2

Lipoteichoic Acid

-induces TNF and IL-1 secretion

Question 3

Component in gram (-)s that induces anaphylactic reaction (leading to shock) and name the 2 mediators secreted by the immune system in response.

Answer 3

Lipid A of the LPS component

-induces TNF and IL-1 secretion

Question 4

Location of hydrolytic enzymes like beta lactamases in resistant bacterial strains.

Answer 4

Periplasm

-between the cytoplasmic membrane and the outer membrane in gram (-)s

Question 5

Giemsa Stain

Answer 5

Binds spirochetes, malaria, chalmydia, parasites

-Borrelia, Plasmodia, trypanosomes, chlamydia

Question 6

PAS Stain

Answer 6

Stains glycogen, mucopolysaccharides

-used to diagnose Whipple Disease (Malabsorption syndrome caused by Trpheryma whippelii)

Question 7

Zeihl-Neelsen

Answer 7

Acid Fast organisms

Question 8

India Ink

Answer 8

Cryptococcus neoformans

Question 9

Silver Stain

Answer 9

Fungi, Legionella

Question 10

Thayer Martin agar

Answer 10

Neisseria gonorrhoeae

Question 11

Bordet Gengou agar

Answer 11

Bordetella pertussis

Question 12

Cysteine Tellurite Agar

Answer 12

Corynebacterium diptheriae

Question 13

Lowenstein Jensen Agar

Answer 13

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Question 14

Eaton’s Agar

Answer 14

Mycoplasma pneumonia

Question 15

Pink colonies on MacConkey

Answer 15

lactose fermenters (E. coli)

Question 16

Buffered Charcoal Yeast

Answer 16

Legionella p.

Question 17

Sabouraud Dextrose

Answer 17

Fungi

Question 18

5 live vaccines

Answer 18

Small Pox
Yellow Fever
VZV
MMR
Sabin/Salk (polio)