Bacterial Story Board Flashcards
There is a break in the epithelial surface which allows bacteria to enter and…
…proliferate
Which complements lead to mast cell activation?
C3a and C5a
Which complements cause opsonisation?
C3b
Which complement causes chemotaxis?
C5a
What happens when C-reactive protein binds to bacteria?
It causes complement activation
Define chemotaxis
Chemotaxis is the movement of an organism in response to a chemical stimulus.
Define opsonisation
Antibody opsonization is the process by which the pathogen is marked for ingestion and eliminated by the phagocytes.
What on the bacteria activate the alternative complement pathway or the mannan binding lectin pathway?
Surface lipopolysaccharides
What does mast cell degranulation cause?
Increased blood flow and leaky blood vessels
What are the effects of increased blood flow and leaky blood vessels?
Oedema in the area and local irritation
What is oedema?
A condition characterized by an excess of watery fluid collecting in the cavities or tissues of the body.
What draws neutrophils to the site of infection?
Complement, bacteria products and chemokines
How do neutrophils enter the site of infection?
They adhere to the endothelial cells and migrate into the infected tissue
What cells phagocytose and kill bacteria?
Neutrophils
What cells engulf and internalise bacteria before migrating to a lymph node?
Dendritic cells
What cells recruit naïve T cells in the lymph node?
Dendritic cells
How do dendritic cells activate naïve T cells?
By presenting bacterial peptide on their MHC II molecules
What cells can dendritic cells activate?
T helper 1 cells
T helper 2 cells
What receptors do T helper cells use to recognise bacterial peptides presented to them via MHC II molecules?
T Cell Receptors
What is the first class of antibodies produced by plasma cells?
IgM antibodies
What is the role of T helper 2 cells in bacterial infections?
Activated T helper 2 cells cause B cells to become plasma cells and produce antibodies
What do plasma cells produce?
Antibodies
