Bacterial Infections of the Orofacial Tissue 2 Flashcards
What is erysipelas? How does it present?
Streptococcal infection of the skin (superficial spreading)
Presents with oedema/cellulitis of the skin
What is impetigo? How does it present?
Mix of Streptococcal/Staphylococcal
Presents with yellow vesicles on the skin
Yellow crust
Which individuals would be at greater risk of sepsis?
- very young (developing immunity)
- very old people (failing immune systems)
- those who are immune suppressed (on steroids/methotrexate or biological response modifiers to manage RA)
- neutropenic: low numbers of WBC can leave them at risk of sepsis (could be after having chemotherapy)
- recent infection or operation at risk
- Intravenous Drug abusers
What are some clinical features of sepsis?
Altered mental state/behaviour
Raised respiratory rate (>20/min) – breathing too quickly
Systolic BP <100mmHg
Pulse rate >90bpm – children tend to have high fast rate
Not passed urine last 12hr (signs of kidney failure)
Temperature <36o (more worrying than a high temp)
Skin (mottled, ashen, non-blanching rash, signs of potential skin infection)
What is necrotising fasciitis? How does it come about?
caused by streptococcal infection
Usually comes about through open wound site
What is actinomycosis?
bactieral infection caused by actinomyces (oral commensal)
Where is actinomycosis commonly found?
Common in non-healing socket, patients who have had wisdom teeth taken out or had chronic infection at apex of tooth
What are common features of actinomycosis?
- fever
- non-healing, scarring areas on the skin
- weight loss
- cough
- sulfur granules - little yellow granules that are diagnostic for Chronic Actinomycosis
What is the treatment for actinomycosis?
Surgery (decompress are, drain out the pus and get rid of infective tissue) AND antibiotics
