Bacterial Enteric Infections Flashcards
Bacteria
Salmonella, shigella, E. coli, Campylobacter, Yersinia
Viruses
Rota, noro, astro, adeno, entero
Parasites
Entamoeba, guardia, cryptosporidum
Rules for avoiding enteric pathogens?
Cook it, boil it, peel it, or forget it
Acute gastroenteritis
Diarrheal disease of rapid onset
What is the timeline searing acute and chronic diarrhea?
14 days
Dysentery
Blood or mucous in the stool
What causes bacterial gastroenteritis?
Inflammation in GI tract fram bacteria
What does bloody stool tell us?
Associated with mucuousal invasion of bacteriaW
What does watery stool tell us?
No mucosal invasion
What season is GE associated with?
BBQ
What causes acute, watery diarrhea?
Rotavirus, E. coli, vibrio cholera
What causes acute bloody diarrhea?
Shigella, entamoeba histolytica
Compare bacterial and viral GE
Viral: small intestine, watery, vomiting, sometime ABD pain, no tenesmua
Bacterial: colon, blood, sometime vomiting, always ABD pain, always tenesmus
What are some risk factors for salmonella?
Found in animal guts, inadequate thawing from frozen, international travel, taking antacids, IBS,flies
What is an infectious dose of salmonella?
> 1000 organisms
What does salmonella invade?
GI mucosa
Typhoid fever
Extra-intestinal salmonella. This comes from salmonella type or patathyphi. The bacteria enters the blood stream and breaks intestinal wall
Who do we give antibiotics to when someone has salmonella?
<2, >65, immunocompromised, pregnant
(T/F) you should leave extra intestinal salmonella alone and let it follow a self-limiting course
False. Always treat this
Who carries shigella?
Humans and insect vectors
What are Shigella identical to?
E. coli// however, shigella are non-motile bacteria
How many shigella for an infection?
10-200 organisms
Clinical presentation of shigella?
Fever, headache, malaise, anorexia- ABD colic, crams, diarrhea gets worse
What does shigella produce that leads to cell death? What do part A and B do?
Shiga toxin, a- prevents protein synthesis b-binds to cells and injects part A
How do you treat shigella?
Self limiting, unless severe and can be treated with antibiotics when the case is NOT mild.
Do all E. coli lead to an infection?
No. but at least 5 types doe
Risk factors for E. coli
consumption undercooked beef, non-pasteurized dairy, raw veggies, farms, travel
List the E. coli associated with diarrhea
STEC, EPEC, ETEC, EIEC, EAEC
Complications seen with STEC infections?
Hemolytic uremic syndrome, lead to dialysis or death and neurological complications, Associated with antibiotic therpay
Where is campylobacter found?
GI of birds, uncooked poultry, can get from your hamster
How do you treat a serious campylobacter infection?
antimicrobial therapy
