Bacterial Cell Wall: Parts, Types, and Functions

Question 1

It is the lipoprotein layer that surrounds the cytoplasm and regulates the transport of solutes in and out of the cell

Answer 1

Cell membrance

Question 2

The semi-rigid casing that provides structural shape and support to the cell. its synthesis and structure have been the primary target of antimicrobial agents. its reaction to stains determine whether the bacteria is Gram (+) or Gram (-)

Answer 2

Cell Wall

Question 3

These are the sites of protein synthesis and the one that gives cytoplasm a granular structure

Answer 3

Ribosomes

Question 4

It is the region where the DNA is concentrated

Answer 4

Nucleoid

Question 5

It is the protective layer of a bacterium that resists cellular phagocytosis and dessication

Answer 5

Capsule

Question 6

Encapsulated organisms, like Cryptococcus neo formans, may be best visualized by _______

Answer 6

Negative staining technique using india ink

Question 7

It is the hair- like proteinaceous structures that extend from the cell membrane into the external environment

Answer 7

Pili

Question 8

The bacteria Neisseria gonorrheae has two types of Pili with different functions.

Answer 8

Somatic Pili - for cell adhesion

Sex Pili - for the conjugation process

Question 9

It is the structure that allows the bacteria to move. It is composed of three distinct parts: Filament, Hook, and Basal body.

Answer 9

Flagellum

Question 10

The motility of Flagellum is demonstrated through

Answer 10

thanging-drop technique or through the growth of the organism in a semi-solid medium like SIM (Sulfide indole motility)

Question 10

The structures that allow bacteria to resist the sterilization process. It is composed of calcium dipicolinate.

Answer 10

Spores (endospores)

Question 11

A spore is described according to its positions:

Answer 11

Terminal (Clostridium tetani)
subterminal (Clostridium botulinum)
central (Bacillus anthracis)

Question 12

The food reserves of bacteria

Answer 12

Inclusion bodies

Question 13

Some inclusion bodies are specific to certain bacteria:

a. )Babes-Ernst bodies is to ___________
b. )Much’s granules is to ___________
c. )Sulfur granules is to __________
d. )Bipolar bodies is to __________

Answer 13

a. )Corynebacterium diptheriae
b. )Mycobacterium tuberculosis
c. )Nocardia/Actinomyces
d. )Yersinia pestis