bacterial and fungal infection of the skin

Question 1

(+) coagulase; (+) catalase tests; beta hemolysis

Answer 1

S. aureus

Question 2

gram + cocci in clusters; most pathogenic

has protein A

Answer 2

S. aureus

Question 3

common area of colonization of S. aureus

Answer 3

nasopharyngeal mucosa

Question 4

3 common clinical manifestations of S. aureus infection

Answer 4

Folliculitis
Furuncle
Carbuncle

Question 5

Superficial inflammation of the hair follicle; small erythematous papules/pustules associated with follicles

Answer 5

Folliculitis

Question 6

common name boil; painful lump with pus

deeper form of folliculitis; associated with pain

Answer 6

Furuncle

Question 7

formed when furuncles coalesce; found in thick skin; seen in diabetic patients

Answer 7

carbuncle

Question 8

also called as acne inversa; disorder of the apocrine gland; common location axilla, mammary and perianal regions.

Answer 8

Hiradenitis suppurativa

Question 9

yellowish crust on the skin

Answer 9

impetigo

Question 10

also called as Ritter’s disease or pemphigus neonatorum

Answer 10

Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome

Question 11

most aggressive form of S. infection; production of exfolatin by bacteria causes infection

Answer 11

Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome or Ritter’s disease

Question 12

S. aureus grows in ________

Answer 12

BAP; MSA

Question 13

biochemical tests for S. aureus

Answer 13

coagulase and catalase (+)

Question 14

treatment of S. aureus skin infection

Answer 14

wound cleaning and surgical drainage; Penicillin

if MRSA, vancomycin

Question 15

common cause of Sore throat; gram positive cocci in pairs; strict parasite; sensitive to bactracin; beta hemolytic

Answer 15

Streptococcus pyogenes

Question 16

Common reservior of S. pyogenes in humans

Answer 16

nasopharyngeal

Question 17

mode of transmission of S. pyogenes

Answer 17

Droplet/ Direct

Question 18

enhance transmission of strep infection

Answer 18

overcrowding, warm climate

Question 19

non infectious sequelae of Strep infection

Answer 19

Rheumatic heart disease and acute glomerulonephritis

Question 20

Typical secondary infection in a child with atopic dermatitis

Answer 20

impetigo contagiosa

Question 21

main character of impetigo, strep infection

Answer 21

yellow crusting

Question 22

infection of the epidermis which extends to the dermis with characteristic punched out lesions

Answer 22

ecthyma

Question 23

strep caused deep seated infection of the subcutaneous dermis an emergency case with violaceous discoloration of the skin

Answer 23

necrotizing fascitis

Question 24

laboratory diagnosis of strep

Answer 24

G (+) cocci in pairs
BAP; b-hemolysis
(+) bacitracin
latex agglutination (Ig monoclonal to C-carbohydrate)

Question 25

treatment of strep infection

Answer 25

penicillin ; alternative; macrolides, eryhromycin

Question 26

gram negative aerobic bacilli; oppurtunistic pathogen which secretes pyocyanin, pyoverdin, pyorubin

Answer 26

pseudomonas aeruginosa

Question 27

biochemical test for P. aeruginosa

Answer 27

oxidase test positive

Question 28

definitive diagnosis of p. aeruginosa

Answer 28

production of pyocyanin and fluorescein

Question 29

clinical manifestations of P. aeruginosa

Answer 29

``` green nail syndrome secondary wound infection hot tub folliculitis burn wound sepsis ecthyma gangrenosum ```

Question 30

paronchychial infection that develop in individuals whose hands are infrequently submerged in water

Answer 30

green nail syndrome

Question 31

occur in patients with decubitus ulcer, eczema and tinea pedis

Answer 31

secondary wound infection

Question 32

pruritic follicular, maculopapular, vesicular or pustular lesions on any part of the body that was immersed in water

Answer 32

hot tub folliculitis

Question 33

pseudomonal bacteremia produces well-recognized but uncommon distinctive skin lesions

Answer 33

ecthyma gangrenosum

Question 34

classic disease associated with Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Answer 34

Diphtheria

Question 35

Mybacterium marinum

Answer 35

Fish tank granuloma

Question 36

M. chenolae

Answer 36

skin abscess

Question 37

caused by a closely related group of fungi which have the ablity to utilize keratin as nutrient source

Answer 37

dermatophytoses

Question 38

an anthropophilic fungus and is the most common and widely distributed dermatophyte of humans

Answer 38

trichophyton rubrum

Question 39

Key features of T. rubrum

Answer 39

culture characteristics, microscopic morphology and failure to perforate hair in vitro