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Neet Rank 8 > Bacteria Micro > Flashcards

Bacteria Micro Flashcards

1
Q

All cocci G+ except

A 
GNC: 
Meningococci 
Gonococci 
Veilonella
Moraxella
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2
Q

All bacilli G- except

A 
GPB: MACDoNALD
Mycobacterium 
Anthrax
Clostridium 
Diphtheria 
o
Nocardia 
Actinomycetes 
Listeria 
Diphtheroids
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3
Q

Grams staining

A

Methyl violet 1•
Grams I2
Acetone x 5s (alcohol)
Safranin (carbol or malachite green)

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4
Q

Bipolar stain SAFETY PIN

A 
Yersinia pestis 
Burkholderia mallei/psedomonas 
B. psudomallei 
H ducreyi 
C. Granulomatis/Kelbsiella 
V parahemolyticus (7-8%) sea food 
Fransiella
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5
Q

Burkholderia mallei

A

Glanders

NON Motile

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6
Q

B pseudomallei

A

Meliodosis

MOTILE

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7
Q

Motility
Melli
Pseudomallei

A

Mallei- NON

Pseudo - MOTILE

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8
Q

Donovanosis

GRANULOMA INGUINALE

A

Calymatobacter granulomatis

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9
Q

Capsulated

A 
PAKIY BMC V 
Pneumococcus 
Anthrax 
Kleb 
Influenza
Yersinia
Bordetella 
Meningo 
C welchii/ perfringens. Cryptococcosis 
V PARAhemolyticus 7-8%
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10
Q

Monotrichous
Amphi
Lopho
Peri

A

Mono- Vibrio cholera
Amphi - Alcaligens fecalis (enterobac)
Lopho~ SPIRILLUM MINUS (rat bite fever)
Peri - Enterobwcteriacea fam, Listeria

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11
Q

Differential motility
37 NON
20-25 MOTILE

A

Listeria

Yersinia enterocolytica

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12
Q

Swarming

A

Proteus

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13
Q

Shooting

Darting

A

V cholera

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14
Q

Tumbling

A

Listeria

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15
Q

Stately

A

Clostridium

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16
Q

Cork screw

A

T palladium spirochetes

ENDOFLAGELLA (periplasmic space)

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17
Q

Lashing

A

Borrelia

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18
Q

Gliding

A

Mycoplasma

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19
Q

Falling leaf

A

Giardia

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20
Q

Twitching

A

T vaginalis

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21
Q

Rotatory

A

B coli CILIATA

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22
Q

Hanging drop
Semi solid MMAgar (0.5-1.5%)
Cragies tube

A

Motility

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23
Q

Blood

Chocolate

A

Enriched.

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24
Q

Chocolate

A

Hemophilus

Neisseria

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25
Q

X and V in Chocolate

A

X - hemin

V - NAD

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26
Q

Eggs for solidification
Green (malachite)
Ruf tuf buff

A

LJ
Malachite - selective for TB #staph,strep
6-8wks

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27
Q

Mac Conkey

A 
PLANT 
Peptone 
Lactose 
Agar 
Neutral red 
Taurocholate sodium (selective)
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28
Q

Name the only 3 LF

A

E Coli
Clebsiella
Shigella sonnei (LLF)

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29
Q

Differential
Indicator
1. Selective
2. Non selective

A

1 selective - Mac Conkey

2 non selective- CLED

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30
Q

CLED

A

Inhibits proteus swarming
Dx
UTI

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31
Q

Sugar media

A

Sugar
Andrades indicator
Peptone
Cx

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32
Q 
Transport for 
Vibrio cholera 2 
Gono&Meningo
S pyogenes
Shigella
A

Cholera - VR, Cary Blair
Neisseria - Amies and Stuart
Pyogenes - PIKES
Shigella - SACHS buffered glycerol saline

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33
Q

Obligate aerobe

A

MTB

Pseudomonas

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34
Q

Obligate anaerobes

A

ABC
Actinomycetes
Bacteroids
Clostridium

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35
Q

Microaerophilic

A

H pylori

C jejuni

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36
Q

Capnophilic

A

Brucella abortus

Pneumococcus

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37
Q

Gull wing at 42*C

A

C jejuni

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38
Q

GPC catalase

A

Staph + (bubbles on H2O2)

Strep -

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39
Q

Staph Coagulase

A

Patho staph +

CONS -

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40
Q

CONS Novobiocin testing MHA

A

Staph epidermis-sensitive

S saprophyticus - resistant

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41
Q

Mc
Antibiotic sensitivity agar
Method

A

Mc Muller Hinton > Nutrient

Mc Kirby baur disc diffusion < Stokes (controls, better)

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42
Q

Biofilm
Early prosthetic valve endocarditis <1y
Novobiocin sensitive

A

Staph epidermis

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43
Q

Young female UTI

Novobiocin resistant

A

Mc GPC - staph saprophyticus

Mc overall - E. coli

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44
Q

Gram + cocci
Coagulase +
Catalase +

A

SA

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45
Q

Golden yellow on NA enchanced on milk

Beta hemolytic on blood

A

SA

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46
Q

Blood beta hemolysis
PIN HEAD
PIN POINT

A

Head - Staph aureus

Pin - strep

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47
Q

MSA

Salt milk ludlam

A

Staph aureus

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48
Q

Coagglutination test

A

STAPH AUREUS: Protein A - Cowan 1 strain

Fc of Ig binds and co agglutinates MENINGOCOCCUS

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49
Q

Staph
Alpha hemolysin
Beta

A

Alpha - PARADOXICAL action
Inactive at 40. Active at 100

Beta- HOT AND COLD phenomenon
Usually hemolysis better at 37 deg but in staph better at 4*C

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50
Q

Leucocidin toxin by SA

A

Penton Valentine toxin

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51
Q 
Most potent in SA 
DNAase
Thermonuclease
Coagulase 
Hyaluronidase
Lipase 
Phosphatase
A

Coagulase

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52
Q

Staph food poisoning

A

Preformed ENTEROTOXIN A

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53
Q

SSSS toxin

Causes TEN adults and Reiters in children

A

Exfoliative toxin A & B

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54
Q

TSS toxin

Contaminated vaginal tampons

A

ENTEROTOXIN F
PYROGENIC EXOTOXIN C

Super antigen (lateral aspect of VB domain of T cell receptor) ——> >20% lymphocytes active and release lymphokines and shock

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55
Q

Doc for TSS staph

A

toxin rather than bacteria

Clindamycin

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56
Q

Reiters by Chlamydia

A

See pee dance
Conjunctivitis
Urethritis
Arthritis

Rx
Doxy

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57
Q 
Cellulitis 
Impetigo 
Uncles 
BOTRYOMYCOSIS 
Tropical PYOMYOSITIS 
Post op parotitis 
Acute mastitis 
Acute OM 
NATIVE VALVE ENDOCARDITITS 
IVDA endocarditis
A

Staph aereus

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58
Q

MRSA MOA

A

PBP2a ——> Mec A gene
Via Bacteriophage TRANSDUCTION (others - conjugation)

Mec A 1-3 : nosocomial >48h
Mec A 4 : community

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59
Q

MRSA screening tests

A

Cefoxitin at 37 deg with NaCl 4% to enrich MRSA growth&raquo_space;> oxacilin

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60
Q

Staph phage typing

A

Mc 80/81A

23 total sets

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61
Q

Strawberry tongue

A

Kawasaki

Strep Scarlet fever

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62
Q

Strep hemolysis
Alpha
Beta
Gamma

A

Alpha - PARTIAL HEMOLYSIS
Beta - COMPELTE
Gamma - NO

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63
Q

Alpha hemolysis strep

A

S pneumonia

S viridans

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64
Q

Beta hemolysis strep

A

Group AV-IJ of LanCefield classification Carbo C
⬇️
80-100 M protein of Griffith

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65
Q

Gamma hemolysis of strep

A

E fecalis

E faecium

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66
Q

Beta hemolysis strep
Group A
Gp B
Gp D

A

A - S pyogenes
B - S agalactiae
D - Enterococci ( beta + gamma )

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67
Q

Gp A vs Gp B Strep

  1. Bacitracin testing
  2. CAMP test
  3. Hippurate hydrolysis test
A

Bacitracin - Gp B resistant
Camp - ✅Gp B
Hippurate - ✅ Gp B

All 3 Gp B ⚠️ ie Agalactiae

Pyogenes ❎

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68
Q

Bacitracin done in which agar

A

Blood agar

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69
Q

GAS/GABHS

A

Pyogenes

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70
Q

Longest chain of strep in grams

A

S salivarius

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71
Q

Crystal violet blood agar

A

S pyogenes

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72
Q

Triad
Cellulitis
Impetigo
Erysepelas

A

S pyogenes

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73
Q

Mc acute pharyngitis
NF flesh eating bacteria
Puerperal sepsis

A

GABHS/ pyogenes

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74
Q

Super antigen of GABHS

A

Scarlet fever toxin
PYROGENIC toxin
Erthrogenic toxin A&C

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75
Q

Hi recurrent sore throat
Marked IMMUNE response
Complement normal
ASO >200

A

ARF

Life long penicillin Px

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76
Q 
Ho pyodermic infection 
Mild to mod immune response 
Low complement ———> normal 
Anti DNAase B >300-350
Spontaneously comes and goes
A

AGN

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77
Q

GBS

A

S agalactiae

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78
Q

Normal commensalism of birth canal
⬇️
Early or late neonatal meningitis

A

GBS

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79
Q

Overall mc cause neonatal meningitis

A 
E. coli
⬇️
Klebsiella 
⬇️
GBS
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80
Q

CAMP test on blood agar

A

GBS enhances Staph aureus due to CAMP factor

Butterfly zone of HEMOLYSIS ➕

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81
Q 
Can grow in 
6.5% NaCl 
40% bile 
9.4 ph 
Resist temp of 45🌡 for minutes
A

Enterococci
E fecalis
E faecium

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82
Q

Black colonies in bile aescullin agar

A

Enterococci

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83
Q

Gram stain
Spectacle shape
Violet G+

A

Enterococci

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84
Q

Doc Enterococci

A 
Penicillin + AG
⬇️
Resistant 
⬇️
Vanco
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85
Q

VRE

A

Van A gene
(D ala ⏩ D lactate)

A most resistant
⬇️
H least resistant

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86
Q

Doc VRE

A

Linezolid

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87
Q

Dental caries strep

A

Mutans

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88
Q

SABE strep

Late onset prosthetic valve endocarditis >1y

A

Viridans

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89
Q

GPC
Lanceolate 🔥 flame shape
Draughtsman (carrom coin 🪙 on blood 🩸 and chocolate 🍫 agar))

A

Pneumococcus

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90
Q

Pneumococcus capsular polysaccharide Ag method of typing

A

90 types

SSS typing: Specific Soluble Substance

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91
Q

Quellung reaction

A

SEROLOGICAL (capsular Ag-Ab)
Capsule swelling and delineation
✅Pneumococcus
✅H influenza

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92
Q

Pneumococcus BIOchemical reaction

A

BIO
Bile soluble ✅
Optochin sensitivity ✅
Inulin fermenter ✅

Optochin - 2 ethyl hydrocupriene

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93
Q 
COMPS 
Conjunctivitis
Otitis media 
Meningitis 
Pneumonia 
Sinusitis
A

Pneumococcus

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94
Q

PCV in splenectomised

A

23 valent polysaccharide

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95
Q

7 valent vaccine

A

<2y children post Sx

  1. Cochlear implant
  2. CSF shunt
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96
Q

Doc for pneumococcus

A

Penicillin

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97
Q 
Capsulated cocci 
Pink on Grams ➖
Lens shape 👀 
Ferments GLU AND MALTOSE 
Intra and Extra cellular ✅✅
A

Meningococcus

NO plasmid 🧬 recruitment for resistance

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98
Q 
Non capsulated coccus 
Pink on grams ➖
Kidney shape 
Ferments only GLU (RCUT) 
Plasmid 🧬 recruitment for resistance ✅
INTRAcellular mc
A

GONO coccus

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99
Q

Meningo based on capsular polysaccharide

A

13 sero groups

ABC YWE9&

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100
Q

Virulence factor GONO AND MENINGO 👯‍♀️

A
  1. Capsular polysaccharide
  2. LOS (endotoxic shock - meningicoccemia)
  3. OMP
  4. Pilli
  5. IgA1 protease (destroys surface IgA immunity)
    Only GONO ♐️ LACTOFERRIN/TRANSFERRIN extra
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101
Q

Meningo nasopharyngeal carriers

A

5-15% NORMAL/healthy ppl

Via droplet ➡️ lungs ➡️ blood ➡️ meninges

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102
Q 
Fever 
Headache 
Vomiting 
NECK RIGIDITY 
RASH / PETECHIAE 🤒
A

Meningococcal meningitis

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103
Q

Theyer Martin

Muller Hinton agar

A

Meningococcus

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104
Q

Recurrent neisserial infection

A

C5-9 def

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105
Q

Mc dreadful complication of meningococcus

A

Waterhouse fredrichson

Adrenal hemorrhagic syndrome

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106
Q

Meningo vaccine

A

MCV4 (ACYW)

Sero B ➖ WASTE no immunogenicity

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107
Q

Doc for meningo nasal carriers

Doc for cases

A

Carriers- Rifampicin
Ciprofloxacin

Cases - 3rd gen cephalo

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108
Q

Auxotyping (nutrient needed)

Pili based typing

A

GONO

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109
Q

Ophthalmia neonatarum
Urethritis males
Cervicitis females

A

Gono

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110
Q

GONO Cervicitis diagnosis swab

A

Endocervical

NOT HIGH VAG

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111
Q

Theyer Martin

Modified New York agar

A

Gono

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112
Q

Water can perinium in males

A

Gonococcus complication.

Multiple fistulas

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113
Q

Fitz hugh curtis

A

Perihepatitis

  • Gono
  • chlamydia
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114
Q

Suppurative arthritis & polyarthritis which GNC

A

Gono

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115
Q

Resistance in Gono

A

Plasmid recruitment

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116
Q

Oxidase positive
• Organisms
• Test
• Reagent

A

Organisms - Gono and pseudomonas

Test - WHITE disk turns BLUE 💙 in 10 sec

Reagent - TetraMethyl p phenylene diamine dihydrochloride

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117
Q

Kleb loefflers bacilli

A

C diph

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118
Q

Babes earnst granules

A

C diph

Energy deposits

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119
Q

Ponders
Albert’s
Neisser
(PAN)

A

C diph
Chinese letter pattern
Cuneiform

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120
Q

C diph bio types

A

Gravis
Intermedius
Mitis

GIM 🏋🏻‍♀️

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121
Q

GIM - Colony shape on PTA

A

Daisys frog eggs are poached

G- Daisy head
I- frog eggs
M - poached eggs

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122
Q

Leffler serum slope
PTA
HMT - Hoyles, Macleod, tinsdale

A

C diphtheria

PTA - best and most confirmatory

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123
Q

Toxins inhibiting PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
⬇️
#ADP ribosylation of EF2

A

DPS
Diptheria
Pseudomonas
Shigella

Toxin need IRON for its action (0.1mg/L)

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124
Q

C diph is made pathogenic by

A

Beta phage that injects a Tox gene

Via LYSOGENIC conversion

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125
Q

DPT vaccine strain

A

Park William 8 strain i op

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126
Q

Eleks gel ppt
PCR
ELISA

A

C diph Toxin demonstration for DIAGNOSIS (CDE)

Toxaemia not bacteremia

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127
Q

Shicks test

A

NEUTRALISATION TEST
C diph (dick)
➕person is susceptible and needs to be immunised
➖ immune

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128
Q

Trench mouth

A

Vincent’s angina

White membrane ➕

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129
Q

Pseudomembrane of Diph
Mc
Most dangerous

A

Mc Faucial or tonsil

Md laryngeal 😳

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130
Q

Bull neck in diphtheria due to

A

Edema and lymphedema

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131
Q

Chronic complications of diphtheria

A

Myocarditis

Polyneuropathies

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132
Q

Non corynebacterium

A

Parvum
Minutessimum
Pseudo TB
Jeikum

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133
Q

Non c diph

Immunomodulator

A

Parvum

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134
Q

Non c diph

Erythresma ➡️ Skin Bx on Wood lamp ➡️ coral red flurorescence 🩸

A

Minutessimum

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135
Q

Preizz nocard bacillus ➡️ lymphadenopathy

A

Pseudo TB

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136
Q

Non c diph

MDR isolate

A

Jeikum

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137
Q

Gram pos bacillus
Non motile
SPORES ➕
Cat A BIOTERRORIST

A

B anthracis

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138
Q

Capsule of Anthrax

A

Polypeptide (polyGlutamate)

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139
Q

Mc Feydan reaction

A

Capsule of B anthracis

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140
Q

Leffler methylene blue

A

Staining capsule of B anthrax

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141
Q

Bamboo stick on Grams
Medusa head on Agar
String of Pearls on Penicillin agar
Inverted fir 🌲 tree on Gelatin stab cx

A

Bacillus anthracis

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142
Q

Best selective media for B anthrax

A 
PLET 
Polymyxin
Lysozyme 
EDTA
Thallus acetate
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143
Q

Tripartite toxin

A 
Anthrax 
PLEase (don’t kill me bro) 
Protective factor 
Lethal factor 
Edema factor
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144
Q

Hide Porter

A

Cutaneous Anthrax
Dockyard shipyard
ESCHAR ➡️ malig PUSTULE ➡️ VESICLE

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145
Q

Wool sorter

A

Pulmonary anthrax
10-12y
MEDIASTINAL HEMORRHAGIC NECROSIS

Rx Duckering (dip in formalin to kill spores)

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146
Q

Ascolis thermoppt test

A

Lab Dx Anthrax

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147
Q

B cereus toxins

A

Emetic 1-6h (Chinese fried rice 🍚) HEAT STABLE toxin of E. coli
cGMP

Diarrheal 8-16h
HEAT LABILE toxin of E. coli
cAMP

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148
Q

Cx of B cereus

A 
MYPA 
Mannitol 
Yolk egg 🥚 
Phenol red (polymixin)
Agar
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149
Q

GPB
Obligate ANAEROBE
Non capsule (except?)
Stately motility

A

Clostridium

Except- B perfeingens

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150
Q

Drum stick spores

Terminal spore in Clost

A

Tetani

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151
Q

Central spore of Clostridium

A

C. Bifermentans

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152
Q

Anerobiosis techniques

A 
Mac Intosh (old) 
Mc GAS PAK 
Biological method (obligate aerobe Pseudomonas)
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153
Q

Cx media for Clostridium

A

RCM:
Meat 🍖 becomes Pink —— Saccharolytic
Black —— Proteolytic

Thioglycollate broth

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154
Q

Toxins of c perfeingens

A 
Perfeingens has 13 toxins 
Alpha beta gamma theta etc 
⬇️
A-E types 
Mc - Type A, alpha
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155
Q

Clostridium myonecrosis
1-2d
Pain and CREPITUS

A

Gas Gangrene

Crepitus- gas in deep muscle compartment due to low redox potential

Rx
Early - Sx debride + Abx
Late - Amputate + Abx

156
Q

Gas gangrene Clost sp?

A

PNS
Perfeingens
Novyi
Septicum

Random- fallax, histiolyticum, edematiens, sporogenes

157
Q

Citron bodies

Boat shaped

A

C septicum

158
Q

Clostridium:
Heat labile enterotoxin
8-24 hours
Type A alpha toxin

A

Food poisoning by perfeingens

159
Q

Pigbel

A 
Perfeingens 
Ppl eating pig 
⬇️
Necrotising enteritis 
TYPE C, BETA toxin
160
Q

Naegler reacn

A 
Perfeingens 
NEUTRALISATION reacn 
Egg yolk agar + Carpet Cx + one half antitoxin 
⬇️
Other half has opaque areas due to 
alpha LECITHINASE (phospholipase)
161
Q

Stormy clot fermentation

A

C perf
LITMUS MILK
Foul smell 👃🏻
IMMENSE FERMENTAION

162
Q

Target hemolysis

A

Perfeingens
Double zone of hemolysis
Alpha BLOOD AGAR
alpha and theta toxins

163
Q

Reverse camp test

A

GBS and C perfeingens

164
Q

8th day disease

A

Tetanus
IP 8d
(<8 d GRAVE prognosis)

165
Q

Toxins of tetani

A

TetanoSPASMIN main

TetanoLYSIN (hemolysis)

166
Q

TetanoSPASMIN

A 
#Presyn inhibitory NT (Glycine and GABA) 
⬇️
Constant stimulation 
⬇️
Lock jaw 
Opisthotonus
167
Q

Botulism toxins

A

Neurotoxin (3kg kills one adult human ☠️)

Enterotoxin (canned food)

168
Q 
Diplopia 
Dysphagia 
Dysarthria 
Constipation 
Decrease DTR
A

Botulism

169
Q

Floppy infant syndrome

A

Botulism
Honey spores
Flaccid paralysis

170
Q

CDAD

A

C difficil ass diarrhoea 🔁 PMC
Abx >2m
Rx
Vanco DOC

171
Q

C difficicle toxins

A

Enterotoxin
Cytotoxin
“On Hep2 cell lines”

Difficile is difficult to Cx!

172
Q

Dx of C difficle

A

PCR for tox gene
Elisa For toxin demo
Sigmoidoscopy for ulcers

173
Q

Acid fast why?

A

20% coz resists decolorisation due to MYCOLIC ACID

174
Q

Virulence factors for MTB

A

Cord factor

Lipoarabinomannan

175
Q

Rankes complex
Gohns complex
Simons complex
Assmans focus

A

Ranke- calcifies LN in lower lobe of Gohns CHILDREN

Simon - Upper lobe subpleural focus ADULT

Assman - BL infraclavicular

176
Q

Skin TB
Primary
Secondary

A

Primary - Lupus vulgaris APPLE 🍎 JELLY NODULES

Secondary - Scrofula from LN rupture

177
Q

Petroff method

A

Thick mucus from Sputum assay liquified with Naoh and HCL in TB assessment

178
Q

Acid fast staining

A 
Carbol fushchin
⬇️ intermittent 🔥 
20% H2SO4 
⬇️ 7-8 min 
Methylene blue 💙
179
Q

Eugonic growth means what?

A

Luxuriant growth

Seen in LJ (6-8wks)

180
Q 
Dorset egg 
Tarshis 
Petragagni 
Saural souton 
Pawlowsky 
Middle brook 
Dubo
A

MTB

181
Q

Auto liq Cx

A

BAC T /tec

Only Presumptive
Confirm only LJ 💘

182
Q

Test for MTB that
Uses BLOOD samples
Gold std assay for LATENT TB

A

IGRAs

183
Q

Advanced MDR TB PCR detector?

A

LPA

184
Q

High sample load lab centre for TB Dx which technique

A

Auramine Rhodamine (fluorescent)

🥲high false ➕

185
Q

Mantaux test

A 
Type 4 HS 
0.1 ml PPD id 
⬇️ 
Flexors
⬇️ read after 72h 
Induration only. NOT REDNESS ❌

<5 ➖
>10➕

186
Q

TT
False ➕
False ➖

A

False ➕
Recent BCG
MAC

False ➖
Advanced HIV
Military TB

187
Q

SEROLOGICAL TB test

A

BANNED IN INDIA

188
Q

Runyon classification

A

Atypical myco

Photo
Scoto
Non chromogens

189
Q

Photochromogens

A 
MASK 
Marinum (swimming pool granuloma) 
Asiaticus
Simiae 
Kansasi
190
Q

Scoto chromogens

A

SSG
Szlugai
Scrofula
Gordonae

191
Q

Non chromogens

A

AUX
Avian complex (BATTEYS BACILLI)
Ulcerans (BURULI ULCER)
Xenopi

192
Q

Rapid growers

A 
FAPC 
Fortium
Abscesses
Phlei 
Cheloni

POST INJECTION ABSCESS

193
Q

5% acid fast

A

M leprae

194
Q

2 org not following Koch postulates

A

M Lep
T pallidum
⬇️
Both grow on Nine banded armadillo Foot pad

195
Q

Mc Ridley jopling in India

A

BT

196
Q

Granulomas

Early nerve involvement

A

Paucibacillary

197
Q

Luciophenomenon “periarteritis”

A

Leonine facies BB

198
Q

Lepromin test reactions
Type 1
Type 2

A 
Type 1 Early FERNANDES (first) 
3days 
“DOWNGRADING REACN”
Type 4️⃣
Ulnar nerve and edema ➕
Type 2 Late MITSUDA (matte) 
3 weeks 
“ENL” 
Type 3️⃣
Crops of painful nodules (TNF alpha 🥲)
199
Q

Rx of lepra reacn

A

Glucocorticoids
MEDICAL EMERGENCY 🆘
RISK OF IRRIVERSIBLE NERVE DAMAGE

200
Q

Slit skin smear areas

A

Forehead
BL earlobe’s
Cheeks
Buttocks

201
Q

Obligate aerobe
1% Acid fast 💨
In SOIL
Pulmonary involvement ➕

A

Nocardia

Pulmonary nocardiosis ➡️ Brain

202
Q 
Obligate anaerobe 
Non Acid fast 
Mouth commensal normally 
- oral actinomycosis 
- PID
A

Actinomyces
⬇️
Cannot be cultured

203
Q

Triad
Sinuses
Swelling
Sulphur granules ➡️ crushed and gives sun 🌞 ray ap

A

Mc actinomycetoma: Cervico facial

204
Q

Actinomycete causing PID

A

Israeli

205
Q

Cx by Paraffin bait technique

A

Nocardia

  • Asteroides
  • caviae
206
Q

Doc nocardiosis

A

Cotrimoxazole

207
Q

Doc actinomadura

A

Penicillin

208
Q

GPCB coccibacilli
Tumbling motility
Peritrichous flagella

A

Listeria monocytogenes

209
Q

PALCAM agar 🧫
BA
CA

A

Listeria

210
Q

Anton ➕
CAMP test
Catalase ➕

A

Listeria

211
Q

Listeria Cx into Rabbit 🐰 eyes
⬇️
Keratoconjunctivitis

A

Anton test

212
Q

👶🏻 Granulomatous infantiseptica
👧🏻 meningitis
🤰🏻 chorioamnionitis ➡️ PROM
😷 immunocomp: sepsis

A

Listeriosis

213
Q

Doc listeria

A

Ampicillin

214
Q

GNB fam

Catalase ➕ except 1
Oxidase ➖
Nitrate reduction ➕
Sugar fermentation ➕ acid and gas on Durham 🧪

Mostly motile except 3

A

Enterobactereaceae
Catalase ➖ Shigella dys type 1

Non motile “ellas”
Shigella
Salmonella (gallinarum, pullorum)
Klebsiella

215
Q 
IMViC 
➕➕➖➖
➖➖➕➕
Indole (kovac) 
Methyl red 
Vogues prauskuar
Citrate
A

➕➕➖➖ E. coli

Klebsiella ➖➖➕➕

216
Q

UTI
Diarrhea
Neonatal meningitis

A

E. coli

217
Q

Virulent mannose resistant factor that can attach to uroepithelial cell

A

P fimbriae of Ecoli

218
Q

Significant bacteruria on Std Loop + CLED

A

> 10^5 /ml urine

10^4 - with symptoms
Even 1 - suprapubic
>2 - contaminated

219
Q

Calc of Std loop for UTI ecoli

A

No of colonies (100) x Dilution factor (10^3) = 10^5

220
Q

Pediatric age diarrhoea

Damages villi ➡️ effacing lesions

A

EPEC

221
Q

Resembles Shigellosis
VMA virulence marker Ag INVASIVE
Sereny test ➕

A

EIEC

222
Q

Traveller diarrhea
Heat stable cGMP
Heat labile cAMP

A

ETEC

223
Q 
O157:H7 sero type 
⬇️
HUS 
Verotoxin 1&2 
Cx on 
- Rainbow 🌈 agar 🧫 
- SMAC sorbitol Mac conkey
A

EHEC/ VTEC

Doest ferment sorbitol ❌

224
Q

Persistent diarrhoea
Some cases of traveller diarrhoea
Stacked brick 🧱 ap on Hep2 cell line

A

EAEC

225
Q

Mc neonatal meningitis

A 
E. coli 
⬇️
Klebsiella 
⬇️
GBS
226
Q

Mc emphysematous pyelonephritis

A

E. coli

227
Q

Mc Scromboid fish 🐠 poisoning

A

Morganella
⬇️
E. coli

228
Q

GNB
Non-motile enterobac
Urease ➕ (pink in 2 days)

A

Klebsiella

229
Q

Urease ➕ organisms

A 
Staff club mein urease program hain chalo 
Staph  ➕
Klebsiella ➕
Morganella ➕
Urea plasma ➕
Proteus ➕➕➕
H pylori ➕➕➕➕➕
Cryptococcus neo (weak ➕)
230
Q

Freidlander bacillus

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae
⬇️
Typical pneumonia

231
Q

Red current jelly 🍮

Bulging fissure on CXR

A

Klebsiella pneumoniae

232
Q

Superbug NDM1 - New Delhi beta lactamase 1

A

Klebsiella MDR

233
Q

GNB
Swarming+
NLF
Fishy odour on PPA (phenyl pyruvic acid) agar

A

Proteus

234
Q

Methods to stop swarming of proteus

A

2% agar ➡️ 6%
Boric acid
Chloracne hydrate
CLED

235
Q

Dienes phenomenon

A

Proteus vulgaris vs P mirabilis

236
Q

Dienes stain

A

Mycoplasma

237
Q

Weil Felix reacn or

Heterophile agglutination

A

OX19, OX2 and OXK Ag
🔽
Non motile strains of proteus CROSS react with Ricketssias

238
Q

Chronic UTI

Stag horn calculi in Alkaline ph

A

Proteus

239
Q

Typhoid fever

Enteric fever 🥵

A

Typhoid - only S typhi
Enteric - typhi ➕ paratyphi ABC

Classification- koffman white scheme

240
Q

Step ladder fever
Rose 🌹 spots
Longitudinal ulcer

A

Typhoid

241
Q

Longitudinal ulcer
Transverse ulcer
Flask shape ulcer

A

Long -typhoid
Transverse- TB
Flask - amebiasis

242
Q

Lab Dx typhoid

A

Week 1234
Test BASU
Bone 🦴 1st > Blood 🩸
Overall best - Blood 🌹

243
Q

Blood Cx in Typhoid

A

1:10
5ml blood 🩸 + 50ml Cx fluid + SPS
- Bile broth or
- glucose broth

SPS - sod polyethanol sulphate REMOVES ABX EFFECT

244
Q

Widal test principle

A

O and H Ag
Somatic and Flagellar (1:200)
1:100

H - more immunogenicity
⬆️sensitivity ⬇️specificity
⬆️false ➕

245
Q

Paired test for Widal

A

4 fold Ab rise over 2 weeks
⬇️
➕

246
Q

Selenite F broth

Tetrathionate broth

A

Enrichment media for salmonella

247
Q

Best selective media for Salmonella

A

Wilson and Blair 💚
⤵️
Jet black colonies ⚫️

248
Q

DCA
XLD
SS
HE

A 
Selective media for Salmonella
Deoxycholate
Xxylose lysine deoxycholate 
Salmonella shigella 
Hektoen enteric
249
Q

Chronic carrier for salmonella which sample to Cx

A

Gall bladder

250
Q

O
H
Vi
In salmonella

A

Vi- Ab for epidemiological typing with PHAGES
⤵️
➖ BAD PROGNOSIS

251
Q

Non salmonella typhi

Doc

A

S typhimurium: poultry ↪️ GE
S enteritidis
S cholerasius: sepsis

Doc 3rd gen ceph

252
Q 
GNB 
Non motile 
Endo ➕ exotoxin
Mannitol fermentation classification 
VMA ▶️ invasiveness
A

Shigella

Mannitol fermentation ➕ A/e Shigella DYSSENTRIAE
Catalase ➕ all except DYSSENTRIAE type 1

253
Q

Endo ➕ exotoxin

A

Shigella
Listeria
Pseudomonas

254
Q

Mc bacillary dyssentry in India

World

A

India - S flexnerri

World- Sony

255
Q

Shigella with
LLF
Colicin based typing

A

S sonnei 📺

256
Q

NO ❌
Tetrathionate
Wilson and Blair

A

Shigella

257
Q

Doc shigella

A

Ampicillin

258
Q

Non fermenters

A

Pseudomonas
Mallei
Pseudomallei
Acinetobacter baumanni

259
Q

GNB
Catalase
Oxidase ➕

A

Pseudomonas

260
Q

Alginic acid
Endo toxin
Exotoxin A&S

A

Pseudomonas virulence factors

261
Q

Pyoverdin which pseudomonas

A

P aerogenosa

262
Q

Pseudomonas pigment enrichment in which media

A

Kings media 👑

263
Q

Best selective media for pseudomonas

A

Cetrimide agar

264
Q 
Shanghai fever 
Malignant otitis externa 
VAP
Ecthyma gangrenosum 
UTI 
RTI 
Burns wound infection 50%
A

Pseudomonas

Polymixin➕Colistin
FQs

265
Q

Whit morells bacilli 🦠

Veitnam bomb 💣

A

Meliodosis

266
Q

MDR isolate of ICU

Oxidase ➖

A

Acinetobacter baumanii

267
Q

GNB
Comma
Tests- COINSS ➕

A

VIBRIO

Catalase 
Oxidase 
Indole
Nitrate red 
String test 
Sucrose
268
Q

Non agglutinate vibrios

A

Non O1

2-139

269
Q

Classical O1

  1. Mukherjee phage
  2. Polymixin B sensitivity
  3. Agglu of chick 🐣 embryo
  4. Vogues proker (VP)
  5. Camp test
A 
Mukerjee- Phage 4 susceptible 
Polymixin - sensitive 
Agg 🐣 ❌
VP ➖
Camp ➖
270
Q

El tor

  1. Mukherjee phage
  2. Polymixin B sensitivity
  3. Agglu of chick 🐣 embryo
  4. Vogues proker (VP)
  5. Camp test
A 
Mukerjee - sensitive to Phage 5 
Resistant to polymixin 
Agg chick 🐣 ✅
VP ➕
Camp ➕
271
Q

Cholera toxins

A

2A

5B

272
Q

Cholera A toxin

A 
ADP ribosylation of GTP
⬇️
adenyl cyclase ➕
⬇️
Increase CAMP 
⬇️
Massive diarrhoea = As 
Rice 🍚 💦
273
Q

Cholera toxin B

A

GM1 ganglioside receptor ➕

274
Q

String test

A

Stool ➕ Sod Deoxycholate
⬇️
Strings of vibro

275
Q

Akaline peptone water

TCBS

A

Enrichment media

Vibrio

276
Q

Best selective media for vibrio

A 
TCBS 
Thiosulfate 
Citrate
Bile salt 
Sucrose

Green ➡️ turns Yellow

277
Q

Halophilic vibrios

A

7-8% parahemolyticus
8% vulnificus
10% alginolyticus

278
Q

Sea food poising ➕ renal failure 😣

A

V parahemolyticus

279
Q

Kanagawa phenomenon

A

On wagatsuma agar
⤵️
Enchanced beta hemolysis by Parahemolyticus

280
Q

Chancroid
Painful
Soft sores
LOVES CHOCOLATE 🍫 AGAR 🧫

A

H ducreyi

281
Q

School of fish ap

Tram track ap

A

H ducreyi

282
Q

Pfeffiers bacillus

A

H influenza

283
Q

H influenza
Capsulated
Non capsulated

A

Capsulated - INVASIVE dis
Meningitis
Epiglottitis

Non capsulated- Simple
Sinusitis
Otits media

284
Q

H influenza Type b capsular polysaccharide

A

PRP/PRPP (biochem thingy)
⬇️
Hib

285
Q

Levinthal filde agar 🧫

A

Blood agar
Chocolate agar
H influenza

286
Q

Satellitism

A

On BA, H influenza grows close to Staph due to release of V&X

287
Q

CSF refrigeration kills which bacteria

A

H influenza

288
Q

Pink eyes

Brazillean purpuric fever

A

H aegypticus

289
Q

HÁČEK

A 
Hemophilus - parainfluenza, aprophilus, para aprophilus
Actinobacillus. Aggregatibactor
Cardiobacterium 
Eikenella
Kingella
290
Q

Immunodeficiency ➕ Culture neg endocarditis

A

HÁČEK

291
Q

Ghee broth

A

Yersinia pestis

292
Q

Stalactite type of growth

A

Y pestis

293
Q

Cheopis index

A

Plague

294
Q

IP of
Bubonic plague
Pneumonic
Septicemic

A

Bubonic and Septicemic. 2-7d

Pneumonic: 1-3d MOST DANGEROUS

295
Q

Wayson stain

A

Bubo/blood smear ➕ this Stain
⬇️
BIPOLAR SAFETY PIN 🧷

PLAGUE

296
Q

Undulent fever
Malta fever
Mediterranean fever

A

Brucella melitensis

297
Q 
Hosts BRUCELLA
B melitensis 
B abortus 
B canis 
B sius
A

Melitensis. Sheep goat cattle
Suis- pig
Abortus cattle
Canis dog 🐶

Meat 🍖 and milk 🥛 contamination

298
Q

Castaneda method

A 
Brucella 
Blood Cx (1:10) minimises contamination
299
Q

Erythritol use in brucella

A

Stimulates growth of brucella on adding to Cx

300
Q

Catalase ➕
Oxidase ➕
Urease ➕

A

Brucella

301
Q

Best serological test for brucella

A

SAT

Standard agglutination test

302
Q

Test for contaminated milk

A

Rose 🥀 Bengal Card test
Milk 🥛 ring 💍 test
Whey agglutination

303
Q

100 day cough

Barking dog 🐕 cough

A

Bordetella pertussis
⬇️
Bordet gengou
Regan love media

304
Q

Bisected Pearl ap

A

Bordet gengou media
⬇️
Cough plate method

305
Q

Stages of pertussis

A

Catarrhal 🦠
Paraoxysmal WHOOPS
Convalescent recovers

306
Q

Doc pertussis

A

Erythromycin

307
Q

Pertussis toxoid
Fimbrial hemagglutination
Pertactin
Agglutination 123

A

Acellular pertussis vaccine

308
Q

2nd Aerosols in central AC

Mc: Drink contaminated water

A

Leigionella pneumophilia

309
Q

Pontiac fever

A

Legionella

310
Q

Atypical pneumonia + Encephalitis +diarrhoea

A

Legionarres disease

311
Q

Acid fast Legionella

A

L micadeli also

312
Q

BYCE

Buffered CHARCOAL yeast extract

A

Legionella

Doc macrolides

313
Q

Spirichaetes

A

T palladium
Leptospira
Borrelia

314
Q

Dark ground microscopy

A

Reflected light used

Treponema

315
Q

Painless
Hard ulcer
Painless LNpathy

A

Primary Syphillis

316
Q 
Rash over palms and soles 
Condyloma LATA (most infectious skin lesion)
A

Secondary Syphillis

317
Q

Tabes dorsaljs
GPI
Aneurysm aorta - CVS syph

A

Tertiary Syphillis

318
Q

Non treponema tests

A

VDRL

RPR

319
Q 
Needs 🔬 
Costly
Reconstituted fluid <24h used 
CSF ✅
Best test for Px of Syphillis (negative immediately after resolution :))
A

VDRL

320
Q

Card test for Syphillis
Cheap
Reconstituted fluid <24h used
CSF/Neurosyph ❌

A

RPR

321
Q

Treponemal tests

A

FTA ABS: First to come ➕
TPI
TPPA
TPHA routinely done

322
Q

Most sensitive treponemal test

A

FTA ABS

First to come ➕

323
Q

Most specific treponemal test

A

TPI
⬇️
Live so dangerous 💀

324
Q

Cong Syphillis test to detect

A

IgM in FTA ABS

325
Q

Non sexually transmitted:
Pinta
Yaws
Endemic/BEJEL

A

Pinta Caratum 🥕
Yaws - Pertenue
Endemic - endemicum

326
Q

Relapsing fever

Relapse due to Ag variation

A

Borrelia recurrentis

EPIDEMIC LOUSE

327
Q

Endemic TICK relapsing

A

Borrelia duttoni

B hermesi

328
Q

LYMES

A

Borrelia burgdorferi
IXODID tick
⬇️
Erythema migrans

329
Q

BSK Cx

Barbour stannour kelly

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

330
Q

Vincent angina

A

GingiValis Trench mouth
⬇️
B Vincenti and fusiformis

331
Q

Rainy
Rice field
Rat urine

A

Leptospirosis interrogans

332
Q

Weils disease

A

L interrogans
⬇️
Icterohemorrhagic fever

333
Q

EMJH media
Fletcher
Kortakoff

A

Leptospirosis

334
Q

Best serological test

A

MAT

Microscopic agglutination test

335
Q 
Nat referral centres NRC 
Leptospira 
Cholera
Salmonella 
Staph phage 
Samonella phage 
NCDC 
CDC
A 
Leptospira: Port Blair 
Cholera: Kolkata 
Salmonella: Kasauli
Staph phage: MAMC 
Samonella phage: Lady hardigne 
NCDC: Delhi 
CDC: Atlanta
336
Q

Obligate intracellular
Arthropod transmission

Fever
Rash
LN pathy

A

Ricketssia

337
Q

EPidemic typhus

A

R Prowezeki
⬇️
LICE

338
Q

Endemic typhus

A

R thyphi
⬇️
FLEE

339
Q

Rocky Mountain 🏔 spotted fever

A

Ricketsii
⬇️
TICK

340
Q

Indian tick typhus

BOUTANEAUSE FEVER

A

R conori
⬇️
Tick

341
Q

Ricketsiia pox

A

R akari
⬇️
Mite

342
Q

Scrub typhus

A

Orientia tsutsugamushi
⬇️
Mite

343
Q

Brill zinser disease

A

Epidemic typhus recrudescence

344
Q 
Weil felix  OX19 OX2 OXK 
Epidemic typhus 
Endemic 
RMSF
Scrub
A 
OX19.   OX2.    OXK 
Epidemic      ➕.   ➕
Endemic.      ➕.   ➕
RMSF.         ➕➕ ➕➕
Scrub.                                  ➕➕
345
Q

Neil moser reaction or Tunica reaction

A

Diff Epidemic ➖ and Endemic ➕

Blood injected into peritoneal cavity of male gunia pig
➕ is inflammation or peritonitis

346
Q

Doc ricketssia

A

Doxy

347
Q

Q fever
No rash
No arthropod spread
Aersosol spread ➕

A

Coxiella burneti

348
Q

Killed by FLASH pasteurised

A

Coxiella burnetti

349
Q

Culture neg endocarditis

A

Coxiella burnetti

HÁČEK

350
Q

Bartonella sp

A

B henslae
B bacilliformis
B quintana

351
Q

Oroya fever

A

Bartonella bacilliformis

352
Q

Trench fever

Sometimes baccilaryangiomatosis

A

Bartonella quintana

353
Q

Cat scratch disease

HIV - baccilaryangiomatosis

A

Bartonella henslae

354
Q

Elementary body

Reticulate body

A

Chlamydia
EB - Extracellular
⬇️
Infections

RB- intracellular
Replicating

355
Q

Chlamydia
ABC
D-K
L1,2,3

A

ABC - Trachoma
D-K - Inclusional conj, Infantile pneumonia and Genital chlamydia
L123- LGV

356
Q

Bird pneumonia
Parrots
Aerosols

A

Psittacosis

357
Q

Adult pneumonia
Atherosclerosis
Asthma

A

C pneumoniae

358
Q

HProwazek
LCL
Miyagawa

A

Hp - trachoma
LCL- Psittacosis
MIYAGAWA ➖LGV

359
Q

IOC chlamydia

A

NAAT PCR

360
Q

Mc coy cell line

A

Chlamydia

361
Q

Freis test

A

LGV

362
Q

ESTAIOMENE

A 
L2>1 
Painless ulcer with 
Painful LN PARARECTAL LN 
⬇️
PARARECTAL/ vuvlval strictures
363
Q

Eaton agent

A

Mycoplasma

364
Q

No cell wall
CM - sterols
Passes through bac filters

A

Mycoplasma

365
Q

PPLO agar

A

Cx for mycoplasma

366
Q

Fried egg ap

A

On PPLO

For mycoplasma

367
Q

Dienes staining

A

Done for mycoplasma

368
Q

Walking pneumonia

Mc atypical pneumonia

A

Mycoplasma pneumonia

369
Q

Most sensitive test for mycoplasma

A

CAT

Cold agglutination test

370
Q

CAT SAT on a MAT

A

MBL
Mary Beats her Lambs

CAT mycoplasma
SAT brucella
MAT leptospirosis

371
Q

NGU

A

CUM
Chlamydia trachomatis
Ureaplasma
Mycoplasma GENITALIUM HOMINIS

372
Q

Swimming pool conj

Fitz Hugh

A

C trachomatis

373
Q 
Microaerophilic 
GNB
Motile with MICROFLAGELLA 
Gull wing 
Contaminated poultry - diarrhoea
A

C jejuni

374
Q

Fecal leukocytes in stools

A

Inflammatory diarrhea
⬇️
C jejuni

375
Q

Butzler media
SKIRROW
Campy BAP

A

Charcoal based for C jejuni

376
Q

GBS which bacillus

A

Children - C jejuni diarrhoea

377
Q

GNB
Microaerophilic
Motile
Strongly UREASE ➕

A

H pylori

378
Q

PUD
MALToma
Ca stomach

A

H pylori

379
Q

BV organisms

A

Gardnerella vag
Mobiluncus
Prevotella

380
Q

Rat bite fever

A

SPIRILLUM minus

381
Q

Haverhill fever

A

Streptobacillus monoliformis

382
Q

Donovanosis

A

Donovan bodies
⬇️
Safety pin 🧷

Callymatobacter

383
Q

GNB
Obligate anaerobe
Normal gut commensal
Brain abscess in immunocomp

A

Bactericides fragilis

384
Q

Human bite

A

Eikenella

Anaerobic strep

385
Q

Cat and dog bite

A

Pasteruella

386
Q

Human monocytic ehrichichiosis

A

Ehrichia caffenensis

Ricketssia

Neet Rank 8 (30 decks)

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