Bacteria Classifications Flashcards
What are the main genera that fall under aerobic gram-positive cocci?
Staphylococcus, streptococcus, and enterococcus.
Among staphylococci, which is coagulase positive and which are coagulase negative?
Coagulase positive: S. aureus
Negative: S. epidermidis and saprophyticus
Which aerobic gram positive cocci come in clusters?
Staphylococci
Which single organism presents as aerobic GPC in pairs?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Among streptococci, which are alpha-hemolytic (partial hemolysis)?
viridians streptococci (normal oral flora): S. milleri, mutans, salivarius, mitis, sanguis
What configuration do most streptococci present as?
Aerobic GPC in chains
Among beta-hemolytic streptococci, name the groups and members of each group.
Group A: S. pyogenes Group B: S. agalactiae Group C: S. equi Group D: S. bovis and equinus Groups F and G
What genera of bacteria presents as aerobic gram positive cocci in pairs and chains?
Enterococcus (faecalis, faecium [highly vanc resistant], durans, gallinarum, avium, casseliflavus, raffinosus)
What are the primary species of aerobic non-spore-forming gram positive bacilli?
Listeria monocytogenes, corynebacterium diptheriae and jeikum, and lactobacillus species
What are the primary species of aerobic spore-forming gram positive bacilli?
Bacillus cereus and anthracis [anthrax]
What are the primary species of branching or filamentous aerobic gram positive bacilli?
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae and nocardia species (asteroides)
What are the primary species of aerobic gram-negative cocci?
Neisseria gonorrhoeae and meningitidis
What are the primary species of aerobic gram-negative coccobacilli (really fat rods)?
Moraxella catarrhalis, haemophilus influenza and parainfluenzae
What is the other name for a large family of aerobic gram-negative bacilli?
Enterobacteriaceae
Name the 10 members of the Enterobacteriaceae family.
Citrobacter (freundii, koseri), Enterobacter (aerobenes, cloacae), E. coli, Klebsiella (pneumonia, oxytoca), Morganella morganii, Proteus (mirabilis, vulgaris), Providencia (rettgeri, stuartii), Salmonella (enteritidis, typhi), Serratia marcescens, Shigella dysenteriae
What aerobic gram-negative bacilli are lactose-fermenting?
CEEK: Citrobacter, Enterobacter, Eschericha coli, Klebsiella (all Enterobacteriaceae)
[also Aeromonas, Pasteurella and Vibrio cholera]
What aerobic gram-negative bacilli are non-lactose-fermenting?
Enterobacteriaceae: Morganella, Proteus, Providencia, Salmonella, Serratia, Shigella
Others: Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Alcaligenes, Burkholderia, Stenotrophomonas
Name the 5 miscellaneous aerobic gram-negative bacilli
Brucella, Bordetella, Camphylobacter jejuni, Francisella tularensis, Helicobacter pylori
What are the 4 aerobic atypical bacteria, that are not characterized by gram staining?
Chlamydophila pneumoniae, Chlamydia trachoma’s, Legionella pneumophila, Mycoplasma pneumoniae
What are the 3 aerobic spirochetes, that are not characterized by gram staining?
Treponema pallidum (syphilis), Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme), Leptospira interrogans
What are the anaerobic gram-positive cocci in chains?
Microaerophilic streptococci
Peptostreptococcus (anaerobius, intermedius, magnus)
What are the anaerobic gram-positive bacilli that are non-spore forming?
Propionibacterium acnes
What is the primary genus of anaerobic, spore-forming gram-positive bacilli?
Clostridium (perfringens [gas gangrene], difficile [diarrhea], tetani [tetanus], botulinum [Botox])
What is the primary anaerobic, gram-positive, branching/filamentous bacilli?
Actinomyces (israeli)
What is the primary anaerobic gram-negative coccus?
Veillonella parvula
What are the anaerobic, gram-negative bacilli?
Bacteroides (fragilis, thetaiotaomicron, ovatus, distastonis - gut)
Prevotella (melaninogenica, denticola, buccae, oralis - oral)
Fusobacterium
In the skin, what are organisms you would expect as normal flora?
Diptheroids (Corynebacterium), Staphylococci (epidermis), Streptococci, P. acnes
In the upper respiratory tract, what organisms reside as normal flora?
Haemophilus spp., Streptococci (viridian’s group), Diptheroids (Corynebacterium), Neisseria spp., oral anaerobes (Prevotella)
In the GI tract, what organisms live as normal flora?
Bacteroides spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Furobacterium spp., Clostridium spp.
In the genital tract, what organisms live as normal flora?
Corynebacterium spp., Enterobacteriaceae, Lactobacillus spp., Mycoplasma spp., Staphylococci, Streptococci, Candida spp., anaerobes
