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Biology - - Fuller > Bacteria And Viruses > Flashcards

Bacteria And Viruses Flashcards

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1
Q

Why can bacteria be useful to humans?

A

Bacteria will help us digest certain foods

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2
Q

What structure does bacteria make to withstand severe conditions?

A

Endospore

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3
Q

What protein does bacterial cell walls have?

A

Peptidoglycan

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4
Q

What term do we use for the small appendages bacteria uses to communicate or attach to things?

A

Pili

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5
Q

How can you best describe a vaccine?

A

Something that prepares the body to FIGHT an infection

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6
Q

What are viruses made of?

A

DNA in a protein coat

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7
Q

How many chromosomes do bacteria have?

A

One circular chromosome

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8
Q

What is the term for bacteria exchanging genetic material?

A

Conjugation

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9
Q

Why is it beneficial for plants to have bacteria in the soil?

A

Bacteria allows plants to take in Nitrogen

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10
Q

Why can’t an inactive vaccine make you sick?

A

Viruses injected are already dead

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11
Q

What is the correct organization of size:

SMALLEST TO LARGEST

A

Virus -> Bacteria -> Human Cell

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12
Q

What kind of bacteria uses sunlight to make sugar?

A

Cyanobacteria

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13
Q

What does Prokaryote mean?

A

BEFORE THE NUCLEUS

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14
Q

What is the shape of Cocci?

A

Sphere shaped

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15
Q

What is the shape of Spirilli?

A

Spiral shaped

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16
Q

What is the shape of Bacilli?

A

Rod shaped

17
Q

Be able to discuss the Lytic cycle and how it operates

A
  1. Virus attaches to host cell
  2. Virus injects DNA into the cell
  3. Virus DNA takes over the host cell
  4. Host cell make more viruses
  5. New viruses are released to infect new cells
18
Q

Be able to discuss how the lysogenic cycle operate

A
  1. Virus attaches to the cell surface
  2. Virus injects DNA into the host cell
  3. Virus DNA joins in with the host DNA
  4. Host cell reproduces (creating two new infected cells)
19
Q

What is happening in the Lysogenic cycle of viruses?

A

Viral DNA is incorporated into the DNA of the host cell

20
Q

What is one thing about bacterai?

A

They like warm temperatures

21
Q

What does a VIRUS do after it leaves a host cell?

A

Finds a new host cell to infect

22
Q

Which cycle occurs when viruses alter the DNA of a host without killing the host immediately?

A

Lysogenic Cycle

23
Q

How do viruses attach to certain cells and not others?

A

Through the use of receptors to target certain cells

24
Q

Put the following events in order:
*Virus injects DNA into host cell
*New viruses break out of host cell
*Viral DNA cancels out host DNA
*Host cell produces new viruses
*Virus attaches to a host cell

A
  1. Virus attaches to a host cell
  2. Virus injects DNA into host cell
  3. Viral DNA cancels out host DNA
  4. Host cell produces new viruses
  5. New viruses break out of host cell

Biology - - Fuller (20 decks)

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