Bacteria and Viruses

Question 1

Prokaryote

Answer 1

a microscopic single-celled organism that has neither a distinct nucleus with a membrane nor other specialized organelles.

Question 2

bacilli

Answer 2

a rod-shaped bacterium.

Question 3

Cocci

Answer 3

any bacterium or archaeon that has a spherical, ovoid, or generally round shape.

Question 4

Spirilla

Answer 4

a bacterium with a rigid spiral structure, found in stagnant water and sometimes causing disease.

Question 5

Binary Fission

Answer 5

asexual reproduction by a separation of the body into two new bodies.

Question 6

Endospore

Answer 6

a dormant, tough, and non-reproductive structure produced by certain bacteria from the Firmicute phylum.

Question 7

Nitrogen fixation

Answer 7

any natural or industrial process that causes free nitrogen

Question 8

Bioremediation

Answer 8

the use of either naturally occurring or deliberately introduced microorganisms or other forms of life to consume and break down environmental pollutants

Question 9

Antibiotic

Answer 9

a medicine (such as penicillin or its derivatives) that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms.

Question 10

Pathogenic bacteria

Answer 10

bacteria that can cause disease.

Question 11

Virus

Answer 11

a submicroscopic infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.

Question 12

Host

Answer 12

a person who receives or entertains other people as guests.