Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology 11 2021 > Bacteria > Flashcards

Bacteria Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Type of cell which lacks a nucleus and other organelles

A

prokaryotic cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

The smallest and most common microorganisms

A

Bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Of the two bacterial kingdoms, this kingdom is more closely related to eukaryotes

A

Eubacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

These are the most ancient organisms and live in harsh environments

A

Archaebacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

bacteria cell walls which contain peptidoglycan (gram positive), stain this color

A

Purple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Gram negative cells stain this color

A

pink

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Part of the cell responsible for controlling what enters and exists the bacterium

A

cell membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

peptidoglycan is found in this structure in Eubacteria

A

cell walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

some bacteria are propelled by this structure

A

flagellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

a random change in the DNA of bacteria

A

mutation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

bacteria that can survive with or without oxygen

A

Facultative Anaerobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

bacteria that require a constant supply of oxygen in order to live

A

Obligate Aerobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

bacteria that live in absence of oxygen

A

Obligate Anaerobes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

bacteria that play a major role in the “fixation” of this gas into a from which is usable by plants

A

nitrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

spiral shaped bacteria

A

Spirilla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

rod shaped bacteria

A

Bacilli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Spherical shaped bacteria

A

Cocci

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

bacteria that use organic chemicals for their energy source and organic compounds for their carbon source

A

chemoheterotroph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

bacteria that use light for their energy source and use CO2 for their carbon source are called

A

photoautotroph

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

… compounds are used by chemoautotrophs for a source of energy

A

organic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The process of producing energy without the use of oxygen- it is hpw alcohol is produced for various drinks

A

fermentation

22
Q

enabled bacteria to exchange genetic information through the production of a cytoplasmic bridge

A

conjugation

23
Q

this small circular piece of DNA is transferred during conjugation

A

plasmid

24
Q

asexual reproduction of bacteria where the daughter cells produced are not equal in size

A

budding

25
Q

formed to allow a bacteria to survive in harsh conditions, they can grow and reproduce when conditions before more favorable

A

endospore

26
Q

used to treat bacterial infections

A

antibiotics

27
Q

this simple preventive action is one of the best ways to prevent diseases

A

hand washing

28
Q

a chemical that kills microorganisms on the skin or living tissue

A

antiseptic

29
Q

a chemical used to kill bacteria on nonliving surfaces (Lysol or chlorox)

A

disinfection

30
Q

results in bacterial strains where antibiotics are used too frequently and no longer effective

A

antibiotic resistance

31
Q

compared to viruses bacteria are much … in size

A

Bigger

32
Q

Archaebacteria

A
  • ancient
  • live in extreme environments
  • gram negative
  • walls lack peptidoglycan
33
Q

Eubacteria

A
  • common
  • live everywhere
  • gram positive
  • walls have peptidoglycan
34
Q

Plasmid

A

Round shaped piece of dna

35
Q

Effects of bacteria harmful

A
  • make food spoil
  • cause tooth decay
  • E.coli in hamburger
  • cause milk to go sour
  • gasoline spoilage
  • pollute water sources, coliform bacteria
  • Botulism
36
Q

Effects of bacteria helpful

A
  • decompose organic waste
  • fix nitrogen in soil for plants
  • making cheese
  • Manning yoghurt
  • cleaning up oil spills
  • making vinegar
  • synthesis of vitamins in your intestines
  • produce lactic acid in intestine to help digest food
  • source of antibiotics
  • bioremediation used in sewage disposal
37
Q

Causes of bacteria diseases

A 
Meningitis
Pneumonia
Botulism
Cholera 
Gonorrhea 
Leprosy
Anthrax
Step throat
38
Q

Chemoautotroph

A

Make organic molecules for energy from carbon dioxide using chemicals as an energy source (chemoaynthesis)

39
Q

Photoautotroph

A

Make organic molecules for energy from carbon dioxide using light as an energy source (photosynthesis)

40
Q

Chemoheterotroph

A

Must take in organic compounds for energy and carbon

41
Q

Photoheterotroph

A

Use sunlight as an energy source, but must take in organic compounds for carbon

42
Q

Obligate Aerobes

A

Must live in the presence of oxygen

43
Q

Obligate anaerobes

A

Must live in the absence of oxygen for survival

44
Q

Facultative Anaerobes

A

Can live in both oxygen rich and anoxic environments

45
Q

Binary fission

A
  • asexual form of reproduction
  • one cell duplicates it’s genetic material and then divides into two smaller daughter cells
  • produces two genetically identical daughter cells
  • occurs quite quickly in ideal conditions ( up to one generation every 20 min)
46
Q

Conjugation

A
  • A little bit like sexual reproduction in that it increases genetic variation between bacteria
  • Two cells unite via a cytoplasmic bridge between them
  • the donor cell sends a piece of DNA called a plasmid to the recipient cell
  • the cells break their connection and both leave genetically altered
47
Q

Endospore formation

A
  • formed during periods of unfavorable conditions
  • the bacterial cell shrinks and develops a extremely though envelope around it
  • the cell can re emerge from the endospore when conditions become more favorable and begin growing and reproducing once again
48
Q

Actual size

A

Field of view/#accross

49
Q

Magnification of the drawing

A

Drawing size/ actual size

50
Q

Cell wall

A

Protection, rigidity, prevents cell lysis

51
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Medium for the transport of nutrients and waste

52
Q

Ribosomes

A

Protein synthesis

Biology 11 2021 (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions