Bacteria

Question 1

Plasmid

Answer 1

Bacteria circular DNA that are “extra DNA” outside of the genome.

Question 2

Shapes of bacteria

Answer 2

Cocci

Bacilli

Spirochete (spiral shape)

Question 3

Gram positive bacteria

Answer 3

Large peptidoglycan layers in the cell wall, have only 1 membrane (plasma)

Easier to gram stain (appear purple)

Question 4

Gram negative bacteria

Answer 4

Small peptidoglycan layer, have two membranes

Don’t stain as well as gram positive (stain pink).

Question 5

Structures of bacteria

Answer 5

Pili

Flagella (not all bacteria)

Cell wall

Presence of capsule

Question 6

Selective growth media

Answer 6

chocolate agar

Question 7

Selective and differential media

Answer 7

MacConkey agar

Question 8

Identification characteristics of bacteria

Answer 8

Oxygen requirements

Temperature restrictions

Metabolism

Shape and gram staining

Molecular identification (rRNA)

Antigen detection

Question 9

Differential media

Answer 9

Blood agar (also non selective)

Question 10

Virulence factors directly involved in pathogenesis

Answer 10

Toxins and enzymes

Capsule

Cell surface structures

Question 11

Virulence factors indirectly involved in pathogenesis

Answer 11

Siderophores

Secretion machinery

Catalase

Regulatory factors