Bacteria Flashcards
Actinomyces
Gram + Bacilli
Facultative Anaerobe
Opportunistic pathogen
Can cause dental caries and periodontal disease
Bacillus anthrasis
Gram + Square-ended Bacilli
Spore producer
Ingestion from contaminated soil or animal products, or inhalation
Bacillus cereus
Gram + Bacilli
Opportunistic pathogen
Food poisoning - meat, poultry, soups
Bordetella pertussis
Gram - Coccobacilli Obligate anaerobe Whooping Cough Humans only host Oxidase +
Chlamydia trachomatis
Gram - cocci or bacilli
Changes into dormant aberrant bodies
Chlamydophila pneumoniae
Gram - bacilli
Pneumonia, asthma, bronchitis, respiratory infection, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis
Chlamydophila psittaci
Gram - cocci
Get from parakeets
Clostridium botulinum
Gram + bacilli
Botulinum toxin
Clostridium difficile
Gram + bacilli
Spore forming
Infection causes characteristic smelling feces
Clostridium tetani
Gram + bacilli
Tetanus toxin
Corynebacterium diptheriae
Gram + bacilli in pallisades
Produces exotoxins
Transmitted through respiratory and non-respiratory
Sore throat, fever, malaise pharyngitis
Coxiella burnettii
Gram -
Occupational, comes from cow placenta
Q fever
Enterohemorrhagic E. Coli (EHEC)
Gram - bacilli
Causes hemorrhagic diarrhea
Differs from dysentery due to absence of leukocytes in stool
Transmitted fecal/oral
Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC)
Gram - bacilli
Causes dysentery
Lactose -
Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC)
Gram - bacilli
Diarrhea of infants/adults in tropical areas
Colonize small intestine
Watery diarrhea
Enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC)
Gram - bacilli
Infantile diarrhea
Fecal/oral
Escherichia coli
Gram - bacilli
Normal flora
Can cause UTIs, food poisoning, bacteremia
Fusobacterium
Gram - bacilli
Oral anaerobic bacteria
Haemophilus influenzae
Gram - pleiomorphic coccobacilli
Oxidase +
Type B (HIB) associated with serious human infections
Unencapuslated - bronchitis, pneumonia, sinusitis, otitis media
Encapsulated - Pneumonia, epiglottitis, septicimia
Klebsiella
Gram - bacilli
Can cause pneumonia
Leigonella pneumophila
Gram - bacilli
Oxidase +
Causes 1-5% of all pneumonia
Heavy smokers, immunocompromised at higher risk
Listeria monocytogenes
Gram + coccobacilli Non-spore forming Catalase + Umbrella motility Mild flu-like systems "Master escape artists"
Moraxella catarrhalis
Gram - diplococci
Opportunistic pathogen normally in respiratory tract
Causes pneumonia, sinusitis, otitis media
Oxidase +
Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare
Acid-fact bacilli
Slow growing, found in environment
Causes pulmonary disease similar to TB
Runyon III
Mycobacterium chelonae/abscessus
Acid fast bacilli
Rapid-growing opportunistic pathogen
Runyon IV
Mycobacterium kansasii
Acid-fast bacilli
Slow growing
Runyon I
Mycobacterium leprae
Acid-fast bacilli
Rapid growing
Tuberculoid leprosy
Mycobacterium marinum
Acid-fast bacilli Slow-growing Infects fish Causes swimming pool granuloma Runyon I
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Acid fast bacilli Slow growing Causes Tuberculosis Tuberculin skin test Treated with isoniazid and rifampin or kanamycin and ciprofloxacin
