bacteria Flashcards
classificaton of microbes
name 4 examples of metabolic diversity
- photosynthesis: photoautotrophy, photoheterotrophy
- heterotrophy
- lithotrophy: lithoheterotrophy, lithoautotrophy
- anaerobic metabolism
whats another name for cyanobacteria?
blue-green-algae
how do cyanobacteria generate energy?
oxygenic photosynthesis
what did cyanobacteria mutate into multiple times during evolution?
chloroplasts
what are examples of plantomycetes?
plantomyces, pirellula, gemmata, isophaera
what do plantomycetes lack in their cell walls?
peptidoglycan
how do plantomycetes divide?
divide by budding, not binary fission
what are chlorobi?
green sulfur bacteria
how do green sulphur bacteria generate energy?
anoxygenic photosynthesis, use sulphide, not water, as electron donor for CO2 fixation
where are green sulphur bacteria most likely to be found?
freshwater, marine sediments, stratified water bodies
what are the six classes of proteobacteria?
alphaproteobacteria, betaproteobacteria, gammaproteobacteria, deltaproteobacteria, epsilonproteobacteria, zetaproteobacteria
name 3 key environmental roles alphaproteobacteria play, and examples of these
- nitrite oxidising: nitrobacter
- methane oxididising: methylocystis, methylosinus
- nitrogen fixing: rhizobium, bradyrhizobium
name 3 key environmental roles betaproteobacteria play, and examples of these
- perchlorate reducers: dechloromonas, dechlorosoma
- autotrophic ammonia-oxidizing: nitrosomas, nitrosospira
- versatile contaminant degrading: ralstonia, burkholderia, comamonas
name 3 key environmental roles gammaproteobacteria play, and examples of these
- nitrite oxidizing: nitrococcus
- ammonia-oxidizing: nitrosococcus
- methane-oxidizing: methylcoccus, methylobacter
- chemolithotrophic sulfur bacteria: beggiatoa, thioploca, achromatium
- versatile metal reducing: shewanella
- versatile contaminant degrading: pseudomonas
name 3 key environmental roles deltaproteobacteria play, and examples of these
- sulfate reducing: desulfovibrio, desulfobacter, desulfobacterium, desulfococcus, desulfobulbus
- iron reducing: geobacter
name 3 key environmental roles epsilonproteobacteria play, and examples of these
chemolithotrophic sulfur bac: thiovulum, sulfurcurvum, arcobacter, sulfurovum
- gut pathogens: helicobacter, camplyobacter
what are 3 unique properties of archaea?
- ether-linked isoprenoid lipids
- novel cell walls
- extreme living conditions
name 4 examples of extremophiles in archaea (types of extremes, not organisms)
thermophiles, halophiles (salt), acidophiles, methanogens (unique metabolism)
what are methanogens?
archaea, that use a limited range of chemicals for growth, incl. acetate, H2 + CO2, C1 compounds. terminal organisms in anaerobic food chains
