Bacteria Flashcards
Are bacteria simple or complex?
Simple
Do bacteria have a nucleus?
No
How big are bacteria?
Small (1-5um)
Are bacteria free-living?
Mostly
Do bacteria have DNA & RNA?
Yes
How do bacteria reproduce so rapidly?
Binary fission eg 1 > 2 > 4 > 8
What external structure enhances virulence by allowing attachment?
Fimbrae
What external structure enhances virulence by allowing movement?
Flagella
What external structure enhances virulence by providing an antiphagocytic shield?
Capsule
What external structure enhances virulence by allowing genetic transfer?
Pili
What part of bacteria enters the environment and enhances virulence by allowing resistance to develop? Give an example of a bacteria that does this.
Endospores - tetanus
What are the 3 main ways bacteria are classified?
- Cell wall composition
- Shape (morphology)
- Sequence the genome (pathogenicity)
What is the cell wall composition of Gram Positive bacteria? What color Gram stain?
• Thick layer of peptidoglycan
• Blue
What is the cell wall composition of Gram Negative bacteria? What color Gram stain?
• Very thin peptidoglycan
• Thick outer layer of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
• Red
Why are Gram Negative bacteria harder to treat?
The lipopolysaccharide layer makes it hard for antibiotics to reach the peptidoglycan target.
Cocci means round
True
What is the name of rod shaped bacteria?
Bacilli
What are terms to describe spiral shaped bacteria?
• Spirilla
• Spirochetes
Diseases: Red Rods Make Ugly sticks
• Gram Negative
• Bacilli
👇🏼
• Meliodosis
• UTI’s
Diseases: Blue Rods Get Good Tilapia
• Gram Positive
• Bacilli
👇🏼
• Gas gangrene
• Tuberculosis
What shape of bacteria cause Syphilis?
Spiral - spirochetes
Diseases: Blue Balls = Good Shit
• Gram Positive
• Cocci
👇🏼
• Golden Staff
Blue Chains Stop Tracey Eating Sugar & Fat
• Gram Positive
• Chains
👇🏼
• Strep throat
• Erysipelas (shallow skin infection)
• Scarlet fever
How are Rickettsia & Chlamydia different to other bacteria?
They are not free-living - require a host cell to reproduce
What is the most common cause of preventable blindness?
Trachoma
What bacteria causes Trachoma?
Chlamydia trachomatis
Why don’t mycobacteria stain well in a Gram stain?
They have a waxy cell wall
What does the M stand for in M. tuberculosis?
Mycobacteria
Which is the most common type of tuberculosis?
Pulmonary
Which is the most common type of tuberculosis?
Pulmonary
Can tuberculosis affect any organ?
Yes
Can tuberculosis affect any organ?
Yes
Which type of TB affects bone marrow?
Milary TB
Which type of TB affects bone marrow?
Milary TB
Which type of TB is a big problem in PNG and Nth QLD?
MDR-TB
Which type of TB is a big problem in PNG and Nth QLD?
MDR-TB
The first word in a bacteria name is the
Genus
The second word in a bacteria name is the
Species
Are bacteria prokaryotes or eukaryotes?
Prokaryotes
