bacteria Flashcards
list 5 characteristics of a bacterial cell
unicellular
no membrane bound organelles
reproduce by binary fission
nutrition: heterotrophic
treated with antibiotics
what are the 3 modes that bacteria can be transmitted and provide an example of a disease for each
contact- herpes
droplet- meningitis
airborne- tuberculosis
what is an endospore
dominant tough reproductive structure produced by a small number of bacterium. it ensures the survival of the bacterium through periods of environmental stress
how would you identify different types of bacteria
culture and sensitivity and gram staining
outline the process of gram staining
crystal violet is used to dye the bacterial cells violet.
iodine is then used to fix the purple stain
then an ethanol wash is used to decolour the unstained cells
safranin is used to stain the remaining cells red
what colours differentiate gram positive and gram negative
red= gram negative
purple= gram positive
what is bacterial culturing
a method that allows the multiplication of bacterial cells in or on a culture medium under controlled laboratory conditions.
what are the 3 forms a bacterial call can come in
coccus= little spheres
bacillus= little logs
spirillum= noodles
what are the three layers of a bacterial cell wall
caplule
cell wall
cell membrane
state the function of ribosomes
manufacture proteins
state the function of cytoplasm
suspend organelles
state the function of pilli
take part in adhesion of pathogen specific host cells.
state the function of DNA/RNA
genetic material
state the function of plasmid
contains a small piece of DNA that assists in the survival of an organism either by killing other organisms or by defending the host cell by produce toxins.
state the function of endospore
a survival method for the bacteria cell.
