Bacteria Flashcards
Prophylaxis vs Therapeutic
I
Systematic approach
I
Confirm the presence of infection
K
Gram Stain
I
Purple/blue
I
Pink/red
I
Specimen examples
P
Meningitis
I
Pneumonia
E
Osteomyelitis
E
UTI
E
Endocarditis
E
Susceptibility testing
E
Help to determine antimicrobial breakpoint
I
Dilution method: Broth microdilution
O
Disk Diffusion
O
Antibiotic concentration gradient method
L
Normal flora:
L
Colonization
O
Contamination
O
Infection
L
Microorganisms that are present in human tissue without
being pathogenic at normal circumstances.
L
Pathogenic organism may exist on the human body without
causing an infection
O
Organism is introduced into the specimen during sample
collection and processing
P
organism invades and damages host tissue resulting in a host
response (signs and symptoms)
L
Patient factors
D
Drug factors
C
The causative pathogen may be different for different age group (Example:
Meningitis)
D
increases risk of lower limp infections
D
with cystic fibrosis
O
Select an antibiotic with good penetration to the infection site:
I
Some side-effect may need to be avoided in certain patient
populations:
L
CNS toxicity with neurological disorders
I
Hematological toxicity
K
Photosensitivity and sun exposure
K
Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamic profile
L
Concentration dependent
V
AUC/MIC
D
Time dependent
D
Cmax/MIC
S
T>MIC
D
Antimicrobials mechanism of action
D
Cell wall
S
DNA/RNA synthesis
S
