bacteria

Question 1

plasma membrane

Answer 1

• made mainly of lipids and proteins

- controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell

Question 2

cell wall

Answer 2

• supports the cell and prevents it from changing shape

- made of murein

Question 3

capsule

Answer 3

• made up of secreted slime

- helps to protect bacteria from attack by cells of the immune system

Question 4

plasmids

Answer 4

• small loops of dna that aren’t part of the main circular dna molecule
• contains genes for things such as antibiotic resistance and can be passed between prokaryotes

Question 5

cytoplasm

Answer 5

-no membrane bound organelles, it has ribosomes

Question 6

flagellum

Answer 6

-long, hairlike structure that rotates to make the prokaryotic cell move

Question 7

dna

Answer 7

• circular dna floats free in the cytoplasm

- present as one long coiled up strand, unattached to any histone proteins

Question 8

binary fission

Answer 8

1. the circular dna and plasmid(s) replicate. the main dna loop is only replicated once but plasmids can be replicated loads of times.
2. the cell gets bigger and the dna loops move to opposite “poles” of the cell.
3. the cytoplasm begins to divide and new cell walls begin to form.
4. the cytoplasm divides and two daughter cells are produced. each daughter cell has one copy of the circular dna but can have a variable number of copies of the plasmid(s).