Background Quiz

Question 1

Goal of Psychoanalytic Theory

Answer 1

To achieve equilibrium between the id and the superego.

Question 2

Transference-

Countertransference-

Answer 2

The act of a client unknowingly transferring feelings about someone from their past onto the therapist.

The therapist’s reaction to the projections of the client onto the therapist.

Question 3

Id

Ego

Superego

Answer 3

Wants what it wants (biological component). Will do anything for pleasure.

The mediator.

Rigid conscious, rules and guidelines for person’s world.

Question 4

Pleasure Principle

Answer 4

The force that drives people to seek immediate gratification and avoiding pain. Dominates the Id.

Question 5

Interventions of Psychoanalytic Theory

Answer 5

Stages of Development (Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, Genital), Levels of Consciousness, Dream Interpretation, Free Association, Abreaction, Transference/Countertransference, Defense Mechanisms.

Question 6

Ego Defense Mechanisms

Answer 6

Primary vs. Secondary
Relationship to developmental stage
Psychotic vs. Neurotic
Immature vs. Healthy

Question 7

Jung/Unconscious

Answer 7

Personal Unconscious- History of the individual, can trigger memories.
Collective Unconscious- evolutionary history of the mind (transmitted through cultures and generations) (ex. Fear of the dark). ARCHTYPES.

Question 8

Contemporary Psychoanalytic theorists + their theories-

Answer 8

Carl Jung- Analytical Psychology
Karen Horney, Harry Stack Sullivan, & Anna Freud- Ego Psychologists
Melanie Klein, John Bowlby- Object Relations Theory
Heinz Kohut- Self Psychology

Question 9

Goal of Transference in contemporary Psychoanalytical Theory

Answer 9

Clinician uses empathy to rebuild the early selfobject. Techniques such as optimal frustration and optimal responsiveness are used for client to develop an inner self-competence that allows them to deal successfully with frustrations.

Question 10

Mind In Conflict

Answer 10

Anxiety is caused by conflict of the mind between the id (impulses) and the modifying forces of the ego and the superego.

Question 11

Ego Psychology, Horney, Human Drives

Answer 11

Focuses on development over the life span, emphasizing on the importance of self-image and relationships.
Challenged Freuds theories towards women.
To cope, people gravitate toward one of the three styles of relating to others:
-Moving toward people
-Moving against people
-Moving away from people

Question 12

Object Relation Theorists

Answer 12

Melanie Klein- The importance of early relationships
John Bowlby- Attachment Theory (Secure, Anxious/avoidant, Anxious/resistant, Disorganize/Disoriented

Question 13

Object Relations emphasis

Answer 13

Our internal relationships with others (people or things)-mother. Rather than biological drives.

Question 14

Difference between Adler and Freud’s views:

Answer 14

Freud- Primary motivation was sexual pleasure. Biology.
Adler- Primary motivation was self-perfection. We can control our outcome.

Question 15

Adler’s Ideas on behavior:

Answer 15

All human behavior is goal oriented and motives by striving for superiority.

Question 16

Adler’s ideas on human nature:

Answer 16

Emphasized the positive attitude of human nature and the power to control one’s destiny, rather than being a victim to biology.

Question 17

Inferiority
Superiority

Answer 17

Complex of feeling of weakness, hiding true motives like aspiring for power.
Complex of exaggerated sense of self-worth, hiding real feelings of mediocrity.
Both complexes are tied together.

Question 18

Adler’s life tasks-

Answer 18

For all people, there are 3 basic life tasks: Work, friendship, and love/intimacy.

Question 19

Adler’s “Lifestyle”

Answer 19

1. Person’s subjective worldview
2. Goals
3. Behavioral strategies to achieve goals
4. Outcomes/consequences of those behaviors
   Life style can be assessed by exploration of these four areas through an inventory. (Sibling relationships, physical development, school experiences, meanings given to life, parental influences, etc.)

Question 20

Assessment- Adler

Answer 20

Family constellation and birth order
Dreams
Early recollections
Ways of behaving

Question 21

Birth Order

Answer 21

Oldest- Intelligent & Achieving
Second- Pressure to compete gravitating toward the weakness of oldest child.
Middle- Have difficulty finding ways to be special and feel neglected.
Youngest- Pampered, strive to be at the top, discouraged from competing (empathetic & sociable)
Only- Common with first-born, pampered, learn to socialize well with adults.