Background on Cancer Flashcards
5 types of cancer caused by tobacco use?
What cancers does poor diet contribute to?
Lung Oropharynx Bladder Kidney Larynx
GI - Gastric, Colon, Oesophageal
Breast etc.
What chronic infections lead to cancer? - 3
HPV - cervical cancer
Hep B and C - HCC
H. pylori - Gastric cancer
Oncology Nomenculture:
In Situ tumours - what does this mean?
What does ‘oma’ mean and give an example?
Carcinoma - what type ot tumours is this derived from?
What does:
- sarcoma mean?
- terato mean?
Prefixes of cancer denotes the originating tissue:
- What does adeno mean?
- Osteo - bone
- Lipo - fat
- Angio- vasculature
Germ cell derivatives
Tumours that have not invaded the basement membrane
Termed dysplasia as well
Oma means benign tumour - granuloma
Epithelial tumours
Tumours from connective tissue
Adeno - glandular epithelium
Tumour grade:
Is well differentiated good or bad?
TNM staging:
- What does TNM stand for?
What staging systems are used for the following:
- Ovarian Cancer
- Lymphoma
Good - poor differentiation indicates an aggressive tumour
Grade 3 - poorly differentiated Grade 1 - well differentiated ========== Tumour Nodes Mets
FIGO staging
Ann Arbor staging system
Performance status:
What are the 3 things are assessed?
What scale is used for assessment?
Functional capacity
Ability to self care
Mobilitiy
ECOG
Status 3 and 4 do NOT tolerate Rx
