Background Facts Flashcards
Air pollution is responsible for _ in 8 deaths worldwide
1 in 8
Poor ventilation practices can expose humans to what 3 pollutants?
VOCs, PAHs, Microbial Pathogens
What are the 6 major air pollutants addressed by the air concept?
Carbon Monoxide Lead Nitrogen Dioxide Ozone PM Sulfur Dioxide
A person breathes on average more than __ liters of air every day
15,000
Tobacco causes 400,000 deaths per year in the US alone, but there are still __ million US adult smokers
42
A tobacco smoker has a life expectancy of __ years less than a non smoker
10
Cigarettes have 600 ingredients with __ compounds and __ known carcinogens
700, 69
Air pollution contributes to __ premature deaths in the US and __ million premature deaths worldwide
50,000, 7 million
US agriculture uses about _ billion pounds of pesticides a year
1 billion
The off-gassing of formaldehyde can be 1.8 - 2.6 higher when RH increases by __ %
35%
Up to __ & of people who live in cities have reactions to cockroach allergens
60%
Carbon monoxide binds to red blood cells __ times more than oxygen
210
Carbon Monoxide from fuel burning appliances is responsible for __ deaths per year in the US
170
__ billion people lack access to safe drinking water worldwide, __ million annual deaths can be attributed to unsafe water
1 billion, 2 million
The antimony in bottled water can increase by __% after 6 months of storage
90%
The recommended water amount is __ OZ for women and __ OZ for men.
91, 125
In 1990s, pesticides were found in all water streams, as well as __ - __ % of the groundwater.
30% - 60%
What is the recommended serving of fruits and vegetables and what percent of people meet these recommendations in the US?
4 fruit & 8%
5 vegetables & 6%
__ million deaths worldwide are attributed to insufficient fruit and veggie intake, making it one of the top 10 risk factors of mortality
2.7
Sugar often accounts for more than __ calories in a person’s daily diet
500
More than __ of adults in the US are overweight, __ adults worldwide, and __ total worldwide
2/3 US, 600 million (worldwide adults), 1.9 billion (worldwide)
The recommended sugar intake is 6-9 teaspoons per day, but in the US __ teaspoons per day is consumed
22 teaspoons
In the US, sugar sweetened beverages account for __ calories daily
200
Food allergens cause __ emergency room visits, __ hospitalizations, and __ deaths annually
30,00 ER, 200, 150 deaths
In the US, foodbourne illnesses account for __ million sicknesses, __ hospitalizations, __ deaths
48 million, 128,000, 3,000
The average person in the US consumes __ calories daily, compared to __ in 1970
2600, 2100
BMI Index range of __ to __ is overweight. Over __ is obese
25-29, 30
Ambient light level of __ is typically sufficient for most tasks
300 lux
__ - __ million adults suffer from chronic sleep disorders in the US
50 - 70 million
It’s recommended to engage in __ minutes of aerobic activity _ days a week and muscle-strengthening activities __ days a week
30 minutes, 5 days, 2 days
Average employee health case costs fell by $__ for every $1 spent on wellness programs
$3.27
In the US, fewer than _% of children, _% of adolescents, and _% of adults obtain 30 minutes of daily physical activity, and __% worldwide do not get this
50% children, 10
10% adolescent
5% adults
60% worldwide
On average adults obtain _ - _ minutes of moderate activity per day
6-10
2.5 hours of moderate activity a week can reduce mortality risk by __%
20%
Lack of physical activity can increase odds of having a stroke by __% - __%
20% - 30%
Sitting burns __ fewer calories per hour than standing, sitting for more than 3 hours can lower life expectancy by _years
50 calories
2 years
Physical activity is the 4th leading risk factor for mortality, accounting for %-% of deaths worldwide, or _ -_million a year
6-9%, 3-5 million
Nearly __ days of work were missed in 2013 due to muskoloskelatol disorders
380,600
Low back pain affects about __ million adults
31 million
In 2017 nearly _% of disability adjusted life years resulted from musculoskeletal disorders
7%
In 2006, only __% of offices in the US provided satisfactory thermal environments
11%
Life expectancy for people with mental health illnesses is __ years shorter for those without them
10
__% of people in the US are affected by a mood disorder
21
__% of deaths annually are attributed to mental health
14%
Mental health costs __ million DALYS
184
Depression affects nearly __ million adults in the US
16
Excercise increases the release of what, which can elevate mood and regulate sleep cycle?
Seratonin
__ is a common mood disorder that can lead to heart disease and immunosuppression
Depression
__ and __ are responsible for stress hormones, resulting in metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseasae, gastro, skin disorder
Chronic stress and anxiety
