Back Pain and Upper Extremity - Sheet1 Flashcards
Where does arthritis commonly occure in the vertebral collumn?
facet joints
What are three common causes of lower back pain in adults?
Musculoskeltal–muscle spasm, facet joint inflammation, SI joint dysfunction.
What is the most important treatment for mechanical lower back pain?
mobilization (PT). Keep moving!!
spinal stenosis
arthritic condition that narrows the spinal canal. Can be caused by osteophyte formation, facet hypertrophy, bulging disks, and hypertrophy of the ligamentum flavum.
symptomes common to spinal stenosis
low back pain radiating posteriorly to ankles and feet
Forward slipping of one vertebrae on another–“step down” seen on Xray.
Spondylolithesis. Frequently asymptomatic, but can be painful. Surgical option is explored with progressive slip and uncontrolled pain.
Acute Disc Herniation Presentation
Leg raise most indicative
Foot drop common - also think of peripheral nerve damage** Low back pain
Identifiable precipitant
Radicular symptoms (Sciatica)
Causes of back pain in children
Spondylolysis (stress fracture)>spondylolisthesis
Tumor, Infection, Psychosomatic
to go completely out of anatomical alignment
Dislocate
to go back to anatomic alignment
Reduce
to go partially out of anatomic alignment
Subluxate
Rotator Cuff Pathology
–Elevation
Suprascapular
Deltoid
Rotator Cuff Pathology
–Internal Rotation
Subscapularis
Rotator Cuff Pathology
–External Rotation
Infraspinatus
Teres Minor
Most common shoulder dislocation
Glenohumeral (anterior dislocation most common) (posterior dislocation rare–electrocution, seizure, or intoxication)
What is the best view for evaluating a shoulder dislcation?
Axillary view.
“Nursemaid’s elbow”
Dislocation of radial head. Low energy, pulling injury. Humerous and ulna are ok, but the radial head pulls out of joint.
Most common bone fracture in forearm and wrist…
distal radius and scaphoid
Hallmark of carpal tunnel syndrome
loss of strength in thenar muscles.
Lack of thumb or finger extension and no change in sensation implies what nerve injury?
Injuries at elbow or forearm to posterior interosseus nerve–comes from deep branch of radial nerve.
Injury to superficial branch of radial nerve
Sensation changes
No loss of strength
Intrinsic muscles of the hand:
Dorsal interossei
Palmar interossei
Lumbricals—start on tendon—flexor digitorum
tendon
Draw joints, muscles and tendons of the fingers
PICTURE!
