Back Pain

Question 1

what movement is myotome L1/2 responsible for?

Answer 1

hip flexion

Question 2

what movement is myotome L3/4 responsible for?

Answer 2

knee extension

Question 3

what movement is myotome L5 responsible for?

Answer 3

foot dorsiflexion & EHL

Question 4

what movement is myotome S1/2 responsible for?

Answer 4

ankle plantarflexion

Question 5

sciatica

Answer 5

buttock &/or leg pain in a specific dermatomal distribution accompanied by neurological disturbance

Question 6

what does a disc prolapse usually present with

Answer 6

back pain
leg pain
neurology

Question 7

stress

Answer 7

normal emotion in response to life

Question 8

distress

Answer 8

excessive or abnormal stress response

Question 9

cauda equina syndrome

Answer 9

damage to the cauda equina causes loss of function of the lumbar plexus, of the spinal canal below the termination of the spinal cord

Question 10

what secondary cord damage can occur after spinal injury

Answer 10

cord swelling
oedema 
ischaemia 
thrombosis of small vessels 
venous obstruction

Question 11

what kind of mechanism usually causes central cord injury

Answer 11

hyperextension injury

Question 12

Brown-Sequard spinal cord injury pattern

Answer 12

paralysis on ipsilateral side

hypaesthesia on contralateral side

Question 13

what kinda of insult would lead to anterior cord injury?

Answer 13

vascular insult

Question 14

what are the features of spinal claudication?

Answer 14

• relieved by flexing
• uphill often not bad
• cycling easy

Question 15

what makes discogenic pain worse?

Answer 15

• worse as day goes on
• flexion
• activity

Question 16

what symptoms are present in cauda equine syndrome?

Answer 16

various urinary upsets are common

painless retention with overflow

Question 17

which vertebrae must you be careful not to miss on an X-ray of the cervical spine?

Answer 17

C7/T1