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MSK test one > Back myology > Flashcards

Back myology Flashcards

1
Q

Capitulum

A

Small, round, articular head - ex: capitulum of the humerus

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2
Q

Condyle

A

rounded, knuckle-like articular area, often occurring in pairs- ex lateral and medial femoral condyles

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3
Q

Crest

A

ridge of bone- ex- iliac crest

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4
Q

Epicondyle

A

eminence superior or adjacent to a condyle- ex- lateral epicondyle of the humerus

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5
Q

Facet

A

smooth flat area, usually covered with cartilage, where a bone articulates with another bone- ex- superior costal facet of the body of a vertebra for articulation with a rib

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6
Q

Foramen

A

passage through a bone- ex- obtruator foramen

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7
Q

Fossa

A

hollow or depressed area

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8
Q

Groove

A

elongated depression or furrow

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9
Q

head

A

large, round articular end

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10
Q

Line

A

Linear elevation

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11
Q

Malleolus

A

rounded process

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12
Q

notch

A

indentation at the edge of a bone

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13
Q

Protuberance

A

projection of a bone

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14
Q

spine

A

thorn like process

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15
Q

Spinous process

A

projecting spine-like part

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16
Q

Trochanter

A

large blunt elevation

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17
Q

Trochlea

A

spool like articular process or process that acts as a pully

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18
Q

tubercle

A

small raised eminence

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19
Q

tuberosity

A

large rounded elevation

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20
Q

What are the 9 muscle types?

A

flat, pennate, fusiform, digastric, multiventral, multicaudal, serrated, circular and quadrate

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21
Q

What is the OIN of the Trapezius M?

A

O: spinous process of C7-T12, Ligamentum nuchae, External occipital protuberance and superior nucheal line of occiput
I: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and scapular spine
N: Spinal accessory N, 3, 4

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22
Q

What is the OIN of the Latissimus Dorsi?

A

O: SP of T6-T12, ribs 9-12, iliac crest and SP of L1-L5
I: Floor of the humeral intertubercular groove
N: Thoracordorsal N (c6-8)

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23
Q

What is the OIN of the Rhomboid major?

A

O: SP of t2-T5
I: medial border of scapula
N: Dorsal Scapular N (c4,5)

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24
Q

What is the OIN of the Rhomboid minor?

A

O: SP of c7 and t1
I: medial border of scapula
N: Dorsal Scapular N c4,5

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25
Q

What is the OIN of the Levator Scapulae?

A

O: Posterior tubercles or transverse process of c1-4
I: medial border of scapula
N: c3, 4 dorsal scapular N

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26
Q

What is the OIN of the Serratus posterior superior?

A

O: Nuchal L and SP c7-t3
I: superior surface or ribs 2-4
N: intercostal N 2-5

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27
Q

What is the OIN of the serratus posterior inferior?

A

O: SP of t11-L2
I: inferior surface of ribs 8-12
N: Anterior Rami t9-t12

28
Q

What is the OIN of the Splenius capitis?

A

O: lower 1/2 of ligamentus nuchae and SP c7-t3
I: mastoid process, lateral 1/3 superior nucheal line
N: Posterior rami c3-5

29
Q

What is the OIN of the splenius cervicis?

A

O: SP of t3-t6
I: transverse process of t3-t6
N: posterior rami c5-7

30
Q

What is the OIN of the Semispinalis capitis?

A

O: Transverse process of c-7 to t-6, articular process of c4-c6
I: between superior and inferior nuchal lines
N: Posterior rami

31
Q

What is the OIN of the Rectus capitis posterior major?

A

O: SP C2
I: lateral portion of inferior nuchal line
N: suboccipital N

32
Q

What is the OIN of the Rectus capitis posterior minor?

A

O: posterior tubercle of c1
I: below inferior nuchal line
N: suboccipital N

33
Q

What is the OIN of the Obliquus capitis inferior?

A

O: SP c2
I: TP c1
N: suboccipital N

34
Q

What is the OIN of the obliquus capitis superior?

A

O: TP of c1
I: between the superior and inferior nuchal line
N: suboccipital N

35
Q

What are the three muscles associated with the suboccipital triangle?

A

rectus capitus posterior major, obliquus capitis superior and obliquus capitis inferior

36
Q

What are the muscles in the first layer of the back?

A

Trapezius and latissimus dorsi

37
Q

What are the muscles in the second layer of the back?

A

Rhomboid major, rhomboid major and levator scapulae

38
Q

What are the muscles in the third layer of the back?

A

Serratus posterior inferior and serratus posterior superior

39
Q

What are the muscles in the fourth layer of the back?

A

splenius capitis and splenius cervicis

40
Q

What are the muscles in the fifth layer of the back?

A

iliocostalis (lumborum,thoracis and cervicis)
longissumus (thoracis, cervicis and capitis)
spinalis (thoracis, cervicis and capitis

41
Q

What are the muscles in the sixth layer of the back?

A

Semispinalis(thoracis, cervicis and capitis)
multifidus
rotatorus longus
rotatorus brevis

42
Q

How many segments does the rotatorus brevis m. project up?

A

one segment

43
Q

How many segments does the rotatorus longus m. project up?

A

two segments

44
Q

How many segments does the multifidus m. project up?

A

3-4 segments

45
Q

How many segments does the semispinalis m. project up?

A

5-6 segments

46
Q

What is the most developed muscle in the 6th layer of the back?

A

the semispinalis capitis

47
Q

What nerve innervates the entire suboccipital triangle?

A

the suboccipital nerve

48
Q

What is the action of the trapezius m?

A

Whole muscle- rotate glenoid cavity superiorly
upper part- elevate scapula
lower part- depress scapula
with scapula fixed- extend neck (bilaterally) and laterally flex neck/rotate face away (unilaterally)

49
Q

What is the action of the latissimus dorsi?

A

extend, ADduct and medially rotate humerus, rotate glenoid cavity inferiorly

50
Q

What is the action of the rhomboid major m.?

A

retract/elevate scapula, rotate glenoid cavity inferiorly

51
Q

What is the action of the rhomboid minor m.?

A

retract/elevate scapula, rotate glenoid cavity inferiorly

52
Q

What is the action of the levator scapulae m.?

A

elevate scapula and rotate glenoid cavity inferiorly

When scapula fixed- extend and side bend the neck

53
Q

What is the action of the serratus posterior inferior m.?

A

depress ribs with forced expiration

54
Q

What is the action of the serratus posterior superior m.?

A

elevate ribs with forced inspiration

55
Q

what is the action of the splenius cervicis m.?

A 
extend neck (bilaterally)
sidebend /rotate face toward (unilaterally)
56
Q

What is the action of the splenius capitis m.?

A 
extend neck (bilaterally)
sidebend /rotate face toward (unilaterally)
57
Q

What is the action of the erector spinae group?

A

Maintain erect posture and extend the vertebral column/head with working bilaterally
side bend the vertebral column when working unilaterally

58
Q

What is the action of the most of the muscles in layer 6 of the back?

A

The will extend the spine and rotate the spine away

59
Q

What is the action of the semispinalis capitis m.?

A

extend the head and rotate the face away

60
Q

What is the action of the rectus capitis posterior major m.?

A

extend the head and rotate the face toward

61
Q

What is the action of the rectus capitis posterior minor m.?

A

Extend the neck

62
Q

What is the action of the obliquus capitis superior m.?

A

extend and side bend the head

63
Q

What is the action of the obliquus capitis inferior m.?

A

rotate the face toward

64
Q

Which muscle is the medial border of the occipital triangle?

A

The rectus capitis posterior major m.

65
Q

Which muscle is the lateral border of the occipital triangle?

A

The obliquus capitis superior m.

66
Q

Which muscle is the inferior border of the occipital triangle?

A

the obliquus capitis inferior m.

MSK test one (9 decks)

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