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Noorda Anatomy > Back Ligaments and Muscles > Flashcards

Back Ligaments and Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What joints in the vertebrae are cartilaginous

A

intervertebral symphysis, lumbosacral symphysis, sacrococcygeal joint

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2
Q

What joints in the vertebrae are synovial

A

atlantoaxial (C1-C2) and zygapophyseal (vertebral facets)

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3
Q

Structure

A

Annulus fibrosis

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4
Q

Structure

A

Nucleus pulposus

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5
Q

What is the function of the intervertebral disc

A

Allows movement of the vertebral column, holds the column together, prevents friction, absorbs shock

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6
Q

What tissue are the intervertebral discs made of

A

Collagen and elastin fibers

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7
Q

What is happening to the annulus fibrosis and nucleus pulposus when there is a herniated disc

A

The gel from the nucleus pulposus is pressed into the weakened annulus fibrosis, which is then pressed outward into the nerve or spinal column, causing pain/tingling/numbness to the affected innervation

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8
Q

What is the function of the anterior longitudinal ligament of the vertebral column

A

Prevent hyperextension of the spine

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9
Q

What is the function of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the vertebral column

A

Prevent hyperflexion and posterior herniation

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10
Q

What is the function of the ligamentum flavum of the vertebral column

A

Prevent separation of the laminae during flexion, aids in extension

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11
Q

What is the function of the interspinous ligament of the vertebral column

A

Supports ligamentum flavum and supraspinous ligaments

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12
Q

What is the function of the supraspinous ligament of the vertebral column

A

Prevents separation of the spinous processes and hyperflexion

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13
Q

What is the function of the nuchal ligament of the vertebral column

A

Supports head, resist flexion, restore head to anatomical position, attachment point for posterior neck and shoulder muscles

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14
Q

Ligament

A

Anterior longitudinal ligament

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15
Q

Ligament

A

Ligamentum flavum

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16
Q

Ligament

A

Supraspinous ligament

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17
Q

Ligament

A

Interspinous ligaments

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18
Q

Ligament

A

Posterior longitudinal ligament

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19
Q

Muscles in the spinotransversales group

A

Splenius capitis
Splenius cervicis

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20
Q

Bilateral action of the spinotransversales group

A

Tilt head up

21
Q

Unilateral action of the spinotransversales group

A

Rotate head

22
Q

Muscles in the erector spinae group

A

Iliocostalis
Longissimus
Spinalis

23
Q

Bilateral actions of the erector spinae group

A

Posture
Vertebral extension

24
Q

Unilateral action of the erector spinae group

A

Lateral flexion

25
Q

Muscles in the transversospinalis group

A

Semispinalis
Multifidus
Rotatores

26
Q

Action of the transversospinalis group

A

Maintain posture

27
Q

Muscle along the thoracic vertebrae not belonging to a group

A

Levatores costarum

28
Q

Actions of the levatores costarum

A

Elevate ribs
Rotate and laterally flex vertebrae

29
Q

Muscles around the base of the skull and cervical vertebrae not belonging to a group

A

Suboccipital muscles

30
Q

Actions of the suboccipital muscles

A

Posture
Extension of the head
Lateral flexion of the head
Rotation of the head

31
Q

Muscle

A

Splenius capitis

32
Q

Muscle

A

Splenius cervicis

33
Q

Muscle

A

Longissimus

34
Q

Muscle

A

Spinalis

35
Q

Muscle

A

Iliocostalis

36
Q

Muscle

A

Semispinalis

37
Q

Muscle

A

Rotatores

38
Q

Muscle

A

Multifidus

39
Q

Muscle

A

Levatores costarum

40
Q

Muscle

A

Suboccipital muscles

41
Q

Primary action of extrinsic back muscles

A

Support upper limb

42
Q

Embryonic origin of extrinsic back muscles

A

Hypomere

43
Q

Attachment sites for extrinsic back muscles

A

Upper limbs

44
Q

Primary action of intrinsic back muscles

A

Maintain posture

45
Q

Embryonic origin of intrinsic back muscles

A

Epimere

46
Q

Attachment sites for intrinsic back muscles

A

Vertebrae

47
Q

Mnemonic for intrinsic back muscles

A

Some (splenius capitis)
Say (splenius cervices)
I (iliocostalis)
Love (longissimus)
Soup (spinalis)
So (semispinalis)
Much (multifidus)
with RoLlS (Rotatores, Levatores costarum, Suboccipital muscles)

48
Q

Main muscle groups of the back

A

Spinotransversales
Erector spinae
Transversospinalis

Noorda Anatomy (11 decks)

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