Back- bones

Question 1

Label the image with the name of vertebral regions and how many vertebrae are included in each section

Answer 1

Question 2

Label the image with the normal curves of the spine

Answer 2

Question 3

Structure of the vertebral column

Answer 3

• approximately 33 bones (called vertebrae)
• column is divided into 5 different regions characterised by a different vertebral structure
• each vertebrae is separated by intervertebral discs

Question 4

Function of the vertebral column

Answer 4

MAPS

• Movement: roles in both posture and movement
• Axis: forms the central axis of the body
• Protection: encloses and protects the spinal cord within the spinal canal
• Support: carries the weight of the body above the pelvis

Question 5

Anterior vertebral body

Answer 5

• weight-bearing component
• inferior portion > superior portion
• superior & inferior aspects lined with hyaline cartilage
• adjacent vertebral bodies are separated by a fibrocartilaginous intervertebral disc

Question 6

Vertebral arch

Answer 6

• forms the lateral and posterior aspect of each vertebrae
• in combination with the vertebral body, the vertebral arch forms the vertebral foramen
• have several bony prominences which act as attachment sites for muscles and ligaments

Question 7

Vertebrae foramen

Answer 7

• formed by the vertebral body and vertebral arch
• the foramina of all the vertebrae form the vertebral canal, which encloses the spinal cord

Question 8

Label the image of the vertebra

Answer 8

Question 9

Spinous Process

Answer 9

• each vertebrae has a single spinous pricess, centered posteriorly at the point of the arch

Question 10

Lamina

Answer 10

• connect the transverse and spinous processes

Question 11

Articular processes

Answer 11

• form joints between one vertebrae and its superior & inferior counterparts
• articular processes are located at the intersection of the laminae and pedicles

Question 12

Pedicles

Answer 12

• connect the vertebral body to the transverse processes

Question 13

Transverse processes

Answer 13

• each vertebra has two transverse processes which extend laterally and posteriorly from the ventral body
• thoracic vertebrae: transverse processes articulate with ribs

Question 14

Thoracic vertebrae

Answer 14

• 12; increasing in size from superior to inferior
• articulate with the ribs
• each vertebra has two demi facets superiorly & inferiorly placed on each side of its body: articulate with the two heads of different ribs
• on the transverse process, there is a costal facet for articulating with the shaft of a single rib
  i. e. Rib 2 articulates with inferior demi-facet of T1, superior demi-facet of T2, and costal facet of T2