Back and Upper limb muscles Flashcards
1
Q
Opponens Pollicis
A
- Median N
- Insertion: flexor retinaculum and trapezium to lateral side of first metacarpal
- Action: draws forward and rotates medially
2
Q
Abductor pollicis brevis
A
- Median N
- Insertion: flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium to lateral side of prox phalanx of thumb
- Action: ABducts thumb
3
Q
Flexor Pollicis brevis
A
- Median N
- Insertion: flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapzeium to lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
- Action: flexes proximal phalanx of thumb
4
Q
Adductor Pollicis
A
- Ulnar Nerve
- Insertion: carpals and metacarpals to medial side of base of prox phalanc of thumb
- Action: Adducts thumb
5
Q
Lumbricals
A
- 2nd and 3rd digit: Median N; 4th and 5th digit: Ulnar N
- Insertion: tendons of digitorum profundus to lateral side of tendons at digits 2-5
- Action: flex at MCP joint, extension of digits at PIP joint (TATA)
6
Q
Flexor Digiti minimi brevis
A
- Ulnar n
- Insertion: flexor retinaculum and hook of hammate to med side of base of prox phalanx of pinky
- Action: flex proximal phalanx of little finger
7
Q
Abductor digiti minimi
A
- Ulnar N
- Insertion: pisiform bone and tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris to medial side of proximal IP
- Action: Abducts pinky
8
Q
Opponens digiti minimi
A
- Ulnar N
- Insertion: flexor retinaculum and hook of hammate to palmar surface
- Action: opposes 5th finger (draw forward and rotate anteriorly)
9
Q
Palmar Interossei
A
- Ulnar N
- Insertion: sides of metacarpals 2,4,5 tp bases of proximal phalanx of digits 2,4,5
- PAD: Adducts fingers
10
Q
Dorsal Interossei
A
- Ulnar N
- Insertion: sides of metacarpal bones to bases of proximal phalanx of digits 2-4
- DAB: Abducts finger
11
Q
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
A
- Radial N
- Blood supply: posterior interosseous a
- Insertion: Supracondylar ridge of humerus to dorsal base of 2 and 3 metacarpal
- Action: extends and abducts hand at wrist
12
Q
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
A
- Radial N
- Blood supply: Posterior Interosseous a
- Insertion: Humerus at anterior lateral epicondyle
- Action: Extend and Abducts hand at wrist
13
Q
Abductor Pollicis Longus
A
- Radial N
- Blood supply: Posterior Interosseous a
- Insertion: posterior ulna, radius, interosseous membrane to base of 1st metacarpal
- Function: Abducts thumb
14
Q
Extensor Pollicis brevis
A
- Radial N
- Blood supply: Posterior Interosseous a
- Insertion: Post radius and interosseous membrane to proximal phalanx of thumb
- Function: Extends proximal phalanx of thumb at CMC joint
15
Q
Extensor Pollicis Longus
A
- Radial N
- Blood Supply: Posterior Interosseous a
- Insertion: posterior mid ulna and interosseous membrane to distal phalanx of thumb
- Action: extends proximal phalanx of thumb at MCP joint
16
Q
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
A
- Radial N
- Blood supply: Posterior Interosseous artery
- Insertion: Lateral epicondyle of humerus to dorsal base of 5th metacarpal
- Function: extension and adduction of hand at carpal joint
17
Q
Extensor Digitorum
A
- Radial N
- Blood supply: Posterior Interosseous a
- Insertion: Lateral epicondyle of humerus to medial 4 digits
- Function: extension of digits at PIP and DIP
18
Q
Extensor Indices
A
- Radial n
- Blood Supply: Posterior Interosseous a
- Insertion: posterior ulna and interosseous membrane to 2nd digit
- Action: Extension of 2nd joint at DIP and PIP
19
Q
Brachioradialis
A
- Radial N
- Blood Supply: Radial a, Ulnar a, Anterior Interosseous
- Insertion: Supracondyle ridge of humerus to lateral distal radialis
- Function: weak flexion of forearm in pronation
20
Q
Pronator Teres
A
- Median N
- Blood supply: radial a, ulnar a, anterior interosseous a
- Insertion: medial epicondyle of humerus to midway along lateral radius
- Function: pronates forearm and assists with elbow flexion
21
Q
Flexor carpi radialis
A
- Median N
- Blood supply: radial a, ulnar a, anterior interosseous a
- Insertion: medial epicondyle of wrist to base of 2nd metacarpal
- Function: flexes and abducts hand at wrist
22
Q
Palmaris Longus
A
- Median Nerve
- Blood supply: Radial a, Ulnar a, Anterior Interosseous a
- Insertion: Medial epicondyle of humerus to palmar aponeurosis
- Function: weak flexion
23
Q
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
A
- Ulnar n
- Blood supply: radial a, ulnar a, anterior interosseous a
- Insertion: medial epicondyle to pisiform bone, hook of hammate (base of 5th metacarpal)
- Function: flexes and adducts hand at wrist
24
Q
Flexor digitorum superficialis
A
- Median n
- blood supply: radial a, ulnar a, anterior interosseous a
- insertion: medial epicondyle and superior 1/2 of anterior radius to bones of middle phalanges and 4 medial digits
- Function: flexes medial digits at PIP joint and flexes hand at wrist
25
Flexor pollicis longus
- Median N
- Blood supply: radial a, ulnar a, anterior interosseous a
- Insertion: ant radius and interosseous membrane to palmar base of distal phalanx of thumb
- Function: flexes phalanges of thumb (flexes thumb to each finger)
26
Flexor digitorum profundus
- Ulnar nerve (medial half) and Median N (lateral 1/2)
- Blood supply: radial a, ulnar a, anterior interosseous a
- Insertion: proximal ulna and interosseous membrane to palmar base
- Function: flexes medial 4 digits at DIP
27
Pronator Quadratus
- Median N
- Blood supply: Radial a, Ulnar a, anterior interosseous a
- Insertion: Anterior distal ulnarto anterior distal radius
- Action: Pronates forearm
28
Supraspinatus
- Suprascapular n
- Blood supply: suprascapular a
- Insertion: supraspinatous process of scapula to superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
- Function: Abduction of arm
29
Infraspinatus
- Suprascapular n
- Blood supply: suprascapular a
- Insertion: infraspinatous fossa of scapula to tubercles of humerus
- Function: lateral rotation
30
Teres minor
- Axillary N
- Blood supply: circumflex scapular a
- Insertion: upper 2/3 of posterior surface of lateral border of scapula to inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
- Action: Lateral rotation
31
Subscapularis
- Subscapular n
- blood supply: subscapular a
- Insertion: subscapular fossa to lesser tubercle of humerus
- Function: medial rotation
32
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Triceps brachii (long, medial, and lateral head)
Extensor compartment
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- Radial N
- Blood supply: deep brachial a
- Insertion: (Long head: scapula to olecranon of ulna), (Medial head: humerus to olecranon of ulna), and (Lateral Head: humerus to olecranon of ulna)
- Function: extends forearm at elbow
33
External Intercoastal Muscles
- Intercoastal nerves
- Insertion: Attach from lower border of upper rib to upper border of lower rib
- Function: elevates ribs during inspiration and helps keep intercoastal space rigid
34
Serratus Anterior
- Long Thoracic Nerve
- Blood Supply: Lateral Thoracic Artery
- Insertion: Lateral Surface of upper 8-9 ribs to coastal surface of medial border of scapula
- Function: protracts and rotates scapula and holds it against thoracic wall
35
Teres Major
- Lower subscapular nerve
- Blood supply: circumflex scapular artery
- Insertion: Post surface of inferior angle of scapula to medial lip of inter tubercle sulcus of humerus
- Function: Adduction of arm
36
Rhomboid Major and Minor
- Dorsal Scapular Nerve
- Blood Supply: Dorsal Scapular a
- Insertion: (Minor: ligamentum nuchae, spines of C7-T1, to medial border of scapula and spine of scapula) (Major: spinous process of T2-T5 to medial border of scapula below base of spine of scapula)
- Function: Fixes scapula to thoracic wall and retracts and rotates it to depress glenoid cavity
37
Levator Scapulae
- Dorsal Scapular Nerve
- Blood Supply: dorsal scapular a and transverse + ascending cervical arteries
- Insertion: transverse process of C1-C4 to medial border of scapula from superior angle to spine
- Function: Elevates scapula medially, inferiorly rotates glenoid cavity
38
Latissimus Dorsi
- Thoracodorsal Nerve
- Blood supply: thoracodorsal artery
- Insertion: spinous process of T7-L5, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, last 3 ribs to intertubercle sulcus of humerus
- Function: Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus at shoulders
39
Trapezius
- Spinal accessory nerve 11
- Blood supply: transverse cervical a., dorsal perforating branchs of posterior intercoastal arteries
- Insertion: Superior nuchal line, ext occipital protuberance, nuchae of ligament, spinous process of C7-T12 to lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and scapular spine
- Function: (Descending: elevates scapula) (Transverse: retracts scapula)(ascending: depresses scapula)
40
Deltoid
- Innervation: Axillary N
- Blood supply: posterior circumflex humeral a.
- Insertion: lat. clavicular and acromion, inferior edge of spine to scapula of deltoid tuberosity of humerus
- Function: (Clavicular part: flexes and medially rotates brachium) (acromial part: abducts arm with supraspinatus) (spinal part: extends and laterally rotates arm)
41
Ilocostalis
- Dorsal Rami
- Blood supply: medial cutaneous branches off posterior ramus of thoracic a.
- Insertion: angles of lower ribs, cervical transverse process
- Action: extends vertebral column and head from flexed position
42
Longissimus
- Dorsal Rami
- Blood supply: medial cutaneous branches off posterior ramus of thoracic a
- Insertion: b/w tubercles and angle of ribs
- Function: extend vertebral column and head from flexed position
43
Spinalis
- Dorsal Rami
- Blood supply: medial cutaneous branches off posterior ramus of thoracic a
- Insertion: spinous process of upper thoracic and mid cervical vertebrae
- Action: extend vertebral column and head from flexed position
44
Serratus Posterior Superior
- Ventral Rami of T1-T4
- Blood supply: lateral cutanous branch of Thoracic a
- Insertion: ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of C7-T3 to 4 fleshy digitation to ribs 2-5
- Action: Elevates ribs for inhalation
45
Serratus posterior Inferior
- Ventral rami of T9-T12
- Blood supply: lat cutaneous branch off thoracic a
- Insertion: spinous process of T11-T12 to 4 flat digitation of last 4 ribs
- Function: pulls ribs outward and downward to counteract the inward pull to force air out (EXHALATION)
46
Splenius Cervicis
- Dorsal Rami
- Insertion: spinous process of T3-T6 to transverse process of C1-C3
- Function: bilaterally extends neck and unilaterally flexes and rotates neck to same side
47
Splenius Capitis
- Dorsal rami
- Insertion: nuchae ligament, spinous process of C7-T3 to mastoid process and lateral 2rd of superior nuchal line
- Function: bilaterally extends neck and unilaterally rotates face from side to side
48
Semispinalis Capitis
- Dorsal Rami
- Insertion: spinous process of C2-C5, transverse process of T1-T6
- Function: extension, lateral flexion, rotation of cervical spine
49
Oliquus capitis superior
- C1-C2 suboccipital nerves
- Insertion: spinous process of C2 and transverse process of C1
- Function: Movement at atlantooccipital joint
50
Pectoralis Minor
- Medial Pectoral Nerve
| - Moves scapula forward and downward
51
Pectoralis Major
- Lateral and medial pectoral nerve
| - Flexes, adducts, and interally rotates humerus
