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Gross Anatomy: back and upper limb > Back and Upper limb muscles > Flashcards

Back and Upper limb muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Opponens Pollicis

A
  • Median N
  • Insertion: flexor retinaculum and trapezium to lateral side of first metacarpal
  • Action: draws forward and rotates medially
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2
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis

A
  • Median N
  • Insertion: flexor retinaculum and tubercles of scaphoid and trapezium to lateral side of prox phalanx of thumb
  • Action: ABducts thumb
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3
Q

Flexor Pollicis brevis

A
  • Median N
  • Insertion: flexor retinaculum and tubercle of trapzeium to lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of thumb
  • Action: flexes proximal phalanx of thumb
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4
Q

Adductor Pollicis

A
  • Ulnar Nerve
  • Insertion: carpals and metacarpals to medial side of base of prox phalanc of thumb
  • Action: Adducts thumb
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5
Q

Lumbricals

A
  • 2nd and 3rd digit: Median N; 4th and 5th digit: Ulnar N
  • Insertion: tendons of digitorum profundus to lateral side of tendons at digits 2-5
  • Action: flex at MCP joint, extension of digits at PIP joint (TATA)
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6
Q

Flexor Digiti minimi brevis

A
  • Ulnar n
  • Insertion: flexor retinaculum and hook of hammate to med side of base of prox phalanx of pinky
  • Action: flex proximal phalanx of little finger
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7
Q

Abductor digiti minimi

A
  • Ulnar N
  • Insertion: pisiform bone and tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris to medial side of proximal IP
  • Action: Abducts pinky
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8
Q

Opponens digiti minimi

A
  • Ulnar N
  • Insertion: flexor retinaculum and hook of hammate to palmar surface
  • Action: opposes 5th finger (draw forward and rotate anteriorly)
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9
Q

Palmar Interossei

A
  • Ulnar N
  • Insertion: sides of metacarpals 2,4,5 tp bases of proximal phalanx of digits 2,4,5
  • PAD: Adducts fingers
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10
Q

Dorsal Interossei

A
  • Ulnar N
  • Insertion: sides of metacarpal bones to bases of proximal phalanx of digits 2-4
  • DAB: Abducts finger
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11
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus

A
  • Radial N
  • Blood supply: posterior interosseous a
  • Insertion: Supracondylar ridge of humerus to dorsal base of 2 and 3 metacarpal
  • Action: extends and abducts hand at wrist
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12
Q

Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis

A
  • Radial N
  • Blood supply: Posterior Interosseous a
  • Insertion: Humerus at anterior lateral epicondyle
  • Action: Extend and Abducts hand at wrist
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13
Q

Abductor Pollicis Longus

A
  • Radial N
  • Blood supply: Posterior Interosseous a
  • Insertion: posterior ulna, radius, interosseous membrane to base of 1st metacarpal
  • Function: Abducts thumb
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14
Q

Extensor Pollicis brevis

A
  • Radial N
  • Blood supply: Posterior Interosseous a
  • Insertion: Post radius and interosseous membrane to proximal phalanx of thumb
  • Function: Extends proximal phalanx of thumb at CMC joint
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15
Q

Extensor Pollicis Longus

A
  • Radial N
  • Blood Supply: Posterior Interosseous a
  • Insertion: posterior mid ulna and interosseous membrane to distal phalanx of thumb
  • Action: extends proximal phalanx of thumb at MCP joint
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16
Q

Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

A
  • Radial N
  • Blood supply: Posterior Interosseous artery
  • Insertion: Lateral epicondyle of humerus to dorsal base of 5th metacarpal
  • Function: extension and adduction of hand at carpal joint
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17
Q

Extensor Digitorum

A
  • Radial N
  • Blood supply: Posterior Interosseous a
  • Insertion: Lateral epicondyle of humerus to medial 4 digits
  • Function: extension of digits at PIP and DIP
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18
Q

Extensor Indices

A
  • Radial n
  • Blood Supply: Posterior Interosseous a
  • Insertion: posterior ulna and interosseous membrane to 2nd digit
  • Action: Extension of 2nd joint at DIP and PIP
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19
Q

Brachioradialis

A
  • Radial N
  • Blood Supply: Radial a, Ulnar a, Anterior Interosseous
  • Insertion: Supracondyle ridge of humerus to lateral distal radialis
  • Function: weak flexion of forearm in pronation
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20
Q

Pronator Teres

A
  • Median N
  • Blood supply: radial a, ulnar a, anterior interosseous a
  • Insertion: medial epicondyle of humerus to midway along lateral radius
  • Function: pronates forearm and assists with elbow flexion
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21
Q

Flexor carpi radialis

A
  • Median N
  • Blood supply: radial a, ulnar a, anterior interosseous a
  • Insertion: medial epicondyle of wrist to base of 2nd metacarpal
  • Function: flexes and abducts hand at wrist
22
Q

Palmaris Longus

A
  • Median Nerve
  • Blood supply: Radial a, Ulnar a, Anterior Interosseous a
  • Insertion: Medial epicondyle of humerus to palmar aponeurosis
  • Function: weak flexion
23
Q

Flexor Carpi Ulnaris

A
  • Ulnar n
  • Blood supply: radial a, ulnar a, anterior interosseous a
  • Insertion: medial epicondyle to pisiform bone, hook of hammate (base of 5th metacarpal)
  • Function: flexes and adducts hand at wrist
24
Q

Flexor digitorum superficialis

A
  • Median n
  • blood supply: radial a, ulnar a, anterior interosseous a
  • insertion: medial epicondyle and superior 1/2 of anterior radius to bones of middle phalanges and 4 medial digits
  • Function: flexes medial digits at PIP joint and flexes hand at wrist
25
Q

Flexor pollicis longus

A
  • Median N
  • Blood supply: radial a, ulnar a, anterior interosseous a
  • Insertion: ant radius and interosseous membrane to palmar base of distal phalanx of thumb
  • Function: flexes phalanges of thumb (flexes thumb to each finger)
26
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus

A
  • Ulnar nerve (medial half) and Median N (lateral 1/2)
  • Blood supply: radial a, ulnar a, anterior interosseous a
  • Insertion: proximal ulna and interosseous membrane to palmar base
  • Function: flexes medial 4 digits at DIP
27
Q

Pronator Quadratus

A
  • Median N
  • Blood supply: Radial a, Ulnar a, anterior interosseous a
  • Insertion: Anterior distal ulnarto anterior distal radius
  • Action: Pronates forearm
28
Q

Supraspinatus

A
  • Suprascapular n
  • Blood supply: suprascapular a
  • Insertion: supraspinatous process of scapula to superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
  • Function: Abduction of arm
29
Q

Infraspinatus

A
  • Suprascapular n
  • Blood supply: suprascapular a
  • Insertion: infraspinatous fossa of scapula to tubercles of humerus
  • Function: lateral rotation
30
Q

Teres minor

A
  • Axillary N
  • Blood supply: circumflex scapular a
  • Insertion: upper 2/3 of posterior surface of lateral border of scapula to inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
  • Action: Lateral rotation
31
Q

Subscapularis

A
  • Subscapular n
  • blood supply: subscapular a
  • Insertion: subscapular fossa to lesser tubercle of humerus
  • Function: medial rotation
32
Q 
Triceps brachii (long, medial, and lateral head)
Extensor compartment
A
  • Radial N
  • Blood supply: deep brachial a
  • Insertion: (Long head: scapula to olecranon of ulna), (Medial head: humerus to olecranon of ulna), and (Lateral Head: humerus to olecranon of ulna)
  • Function: extends forearm at elbow
33
Q

External Intercoastal Muscles

A
  • Intercoastal nerves
  • Insertion: Attach from lower border of upper rib to upper border of lower rib
  • Function: elevates ribs during inspiration and helps keep intercoastal space rigid
34
Q

Serratus Anterior

A
  • Long Thoracic Nerve
  • Blood Supply: Lateral Thoracic Artery
  • Insertion: Lateral Surface of upper 8-9 ribs to coastal surface of medial border of scapula
  • Function: protracts and rotates scapula and holds it against thoracic wall
35
Q

Teres Major

A
  • Lower subscapular nerve
  • Blood supply: circumflex scapular artery
  • Insertion: Post surface of inferior angle of scapula to medial lip of inter tubercle sulcus of humerus
  • Function: Adduction of arm
36
Q

Rhomboid Major and Minor

A
  • Dorsal Scapular Nerve
  • Blood Supply: Dorsal Scapular a
  • Insertion: (Minor: ligamentum nuchae, spines of C7-T1, to medial border of scapula and spine of scapula) (Major: spinous process of T2-T5 to medial border of scapula below base of spine of scapula)
  • Function: Fixes scapula to thoracic wall and retracts and rotates it to depress glenoid cavity
37
Q

Levator Scapulae

A
  • Dorsal Scapular Nerve
  • Blood Supply: dorsal scapular a and transverse + ascending cervical arteries
  • Insertion: transverse process of C1-C4 to medial border of scapula from superior angle to spine
  • Function: Elevates scapula medially, inferiorly rotates glenoid cavity
38
Q

Latissimus Dorsi

A
  • Thoracodorsal Nerve
  • Blood supply: thoracodorsal artery
  • Insertion: spinous process of T7-L5, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, last 3 ribs to intertubercle sulcus of humerus
  • Function: Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus at shoulders
39
Q

Trapezius

A
  • Spinal accessory nerve 11
  • Blood supply: transverse cervical a., dorsal perforating branchs of posterior intercoastal arteries
  • Insertion: Superior nuchal line, ext occipital protuberance, nuchae of ligament, spinous process of C7-T12 to lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and scapular spine
  • Function: (Descending: elevates scapula) (Transverse: retracts scapula)(ascending: depresses scapula)
40
Q

Deltoid

A
  • Innervation: Axillary N
  • Blood supply: posterior circumflex humeral a.
  • Insertion: lat. clavicular and acromion, inferior edge of spine to scapula of deltoid tuberosity of humerus
  • Function: (Clavicular part: flexes and medially rotates brachium) (acromial part: abducts arm with supraspinatus) (spinal part: extends and laterally rotates arm)
41
Q

Ilocostalis

A
  • Dorsal Rami
  • Blood supply: medial cutaneous branches off posterior ramus of thoracic a.
  • Insertion: angles of lower ribs, cervical transverse process
  • Action: extends vertebral column and head from flexed position
42
Q

Longissimus

A
  • Dorsal Rami
  • Blood supply: medial cutaneous branches off posterior ramus of thoracic a
  • Insertion: b/w tubercles and angle of ribs
  • Function: extend vertebral column and head from flexed position
43
Q

Spinalis

A
  • Dorsal Rami
  • Blood supply: medial cutaneous branches off posterior ramus of thoracic a
  • Insertion: spinous process of upper thoracic and mid cervical vertebrae
  • Action: extend vertebral column and head from flexed position
44
Q

Serratus Posterior Superior

A
  • Ventral Rami of T1-T4
  • Blood supply: lateral cutanous branch of Thoracic a
  • Insertion: ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of C7-T3 to 4 fleshy digitation to ribs 2-5
  • Action: Elevates ribs for inhalation
45
Q

Serratus posterior Inferior

A
  • Ventral rami of T9-T12
  • Blood supply: lat cutaneous branch off thoracic a
  • Insertion: spinous process of T11-T12 to 4 flat digitation of last 4 ribs
  • Function: pulls ribs outward and downward to counteract the inward pull to force air out (EXHALATION)
46
Q

Splenius Cervicis

A
  • Dorsal Rami
  • Insertion: spinous process of T3-T6 to transverse process of C1-C3
  • Function: bilaterally extends neck and unilaterally flexes and rotates neck to same side
47
Q

Splenius Capitis

A
  • Dorsal rami
  • Insertion: nuchae ligament, spinous process of C7-T3 to mastoid process and lateral 2rd of superior nuchal line
  • Function: bilaterally extends neck and unilaterally rotates face from side to side
48
Q

Semispinalis Capitis

A
  • Dorsal Rami
  • Insertion: spinous process of C2-C5, transverse process of T1-T6
  • Function: extension, lateral flexion, rotation of cervical spine
49
Q

Oliquus capitis superior

A
  • C1-C2 suboccipital nerves
  • Insertion: spinous process of C2 and transverse process of C1
  • Function: Movement at atlantooccipital joint
50
Q

Pectoralis Minor

A
  • Medial Pectoral Nerve

- Moves scapula forward and downward

51
Q

Pectoralis Major

A
  • Lateral and medial pectoral nerve

- Flexes, adducts, and interally rotates humerus

Gross Anatomy: back and upper limb (2 decks)

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