Back and Shoulder Superficial Flashcards
Bones of Pectoral Girdle
Clavicle and Scapula
- incomplete boney ring
Pectoral girdle purpose
attachment + support upper limb
Horseshoe of the pectoral girdle
spine of the scapula
acromian
clavicle
(seen from superior view)
Important muscles attached to pectoral girdle
Trapezius (insertion)
- lat. 1/3 of clavicle
- acromion
- spine of the scapula
Deltiod (Origin)
- lat. 1/3 of clavicle
- acromion
- spine of the scapula
** SAME
Scapula Landmarks
Anterior:
Coracoid process
Subscapular Fossa
Suprascupular notch
Posterior: Acromion Spine of the scapula Supraspinous fossa infraspinous fossa
Lateral View: Glenoid cavity of the scapula supraglenoid tubercle infraglenoid tubercle spinoglenoid notch
Ligament that travels through suprascapular notch
suprascapular ligament
Humerus landmarks
Anterior: Greater tubercle Lesser tubercle Intertubercular Groove Deltiod tuberosity
Surround the head of the humerus
anatomical neck of the humerus
Surrounds the head of the humerus and the greater/lesser tubercles
surgical neck of the humerus (commonly broken)
Posterior Axioappendicular (Thoracoappendicular) Muscles
Superficial (extrinsic shoulder):
- Trapezius
- Latissimus Dorsi
Deep (extrinsic shoulder):
Levator scapula
rhomboid minor + major
Trapezius origin + insertion
Origin:
base of skull
Nuchal ligament
spinous process (C7-T12)
Insertion:
Lat. 1/3 of clavicle
acromion
spine of the scapula
Trapezius action
elevation, retraction and depression of the scapula
- work together: upward rotation of the scapula (glenoid fossa)
Trapezius Innervation
spinal accessory nerve
Latissimus Dorsi origin
Spinous process of lower thoracic vert.
Thoracolumbar fascia
Iliac crest (+ lumbar vert)
Latissimus Dorsi insertion
floor of the inter tubercular groove of the humerus
Latissimus Dorsi action
Extension of humerus at shoulder joint
adduction of humerus
medial rotation of humerus
Latissimus Dorsi innervation
thoracodorsal nerve
Levator scapulae origin
Transverse processes c 1-4
Levator scapulae insertion
Medial border of scapula at level ABOVE the spine
Levator scapulae action
elevation of scapula
rotation of scapula - glenoid fossa down
Levator scapulae innervation
dorsal scapular nerve
nerve also innervates rhomboids
Rhomboid Minor origin
Spinous processes C7-T1
Rhomboid Minor insertion
medial border of scapula AT level of spine
Rhomboid Action
Retraction of scapula
Rotation of scapula - glenoid fossa down
Rhomboid innervation
dorsal scapular nerve
Rhomboid Major origin
Spinous Processes T2-T5
Rhomboid Major insertion
Medial border of scapula at level BELOW the spine
Scapulohumeral muscles meaning
attaches scapula to humerus
Scapulohumeral muscles (intrinsic shoulder)
deltoid supraspinatus* infraspinatus* teres minor* teres major subscapularis*
*Rotator cuff
Intrinsic meaning
contained wholly within the organ or body part on which it acts
Rotator Cuff Muscles
SITS
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis
Suprapinatus origin
supraspinous fossa of scapula
Suprapinatus insertion
greater tubercle of humerus: superior facet*
Suprapinatus action
abduction of humerus
stabilize shoulder
Suprapinatus innervation
suprascapular nerve
Infraspinatus origin
infraspinous fossa of scapula
Infraspinatus insertion
greater tubercle of humerus: middle facet*
Infraspinatus action
lateral rotation of the humerus
stabalize shoulder
Infraspinatus innervation
suprascapular nerve
Teres minor origin
lateral border of scapula
Teres minor insertion
greater tubercle of humerus: Inferior facet
Teres minor
lateral rot. of humerus
stabilize shoulder
(same as infraspinatus, muscles often blended together)
Teres minor innervation
axillary nerve
Subscapularis origin
subscapular fossa
anterior side of scapula
Subscapularis insertion
lesser tubercle of humerus
Subscapularis action
medial rotation of humerus
stabilize shoulder
Subscapularis innervation
upper and lower subscapular nerves
Deltoids origin is the same as the insertion of what muscle?
Trapezius
Deltoid origin
lateral 1/3 of the clavicle
acromion
spine of the scapula
Deltoid insertion
deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
approximately half way down on the lateral side
Deltoid action
Anterior deltoid:
flexion of humerus
medial rot of humerus
Middle deltoid:
abduction of humerus
Posterior Deltoid:
Extension of the humerus
Lateral rotation of the humerus
Deltoid innervation
Axillary nerve
Teres Major origin
Inferior angle of the scapula
Teres Major insertion
lesser tubercle of the humerus
Teres Major action
Adduction of the humerus
Medial Rotation of the humerus
(same as latisamus dorsi)