Back and Shoulder Flashcards
Trapezius
O: external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, spinous process of C1-7 (spinous processes of T5-12)
I: later 1/3 of clavicle, medial side of acromion, upper crest and tubercle of scapular spine
A: rotation, retraction, elevation, depression of scapula
Innervation: accessory nerve (CN XI)
Arterial Supply: transverse cervical artery
Rhomboid Minor
O: spinous processes of C7 and T1, inferior ligamentum nuchae
I: medial margin of scapula inferior to spine
A: stabilization, retraction , elevation, rotation of scapula
Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
Arterial Supply: dorsal scapular artery
Rhomboid Major
O: spinous processes of T2-5
I: medial margin of scapula inferior to spine
A: stabilization, retraction, elevation, rotation of scapula
Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
Arterial Supply: dorsal scapular artery
Levator Scapulae
O: transver process of C1-4
I: superior angle to medial border of scapula
A: involved in flexing head and neck laterally
Innervation: dorsal scapular nerve (and C3, C4 nerves)
Arterial Supply: transverse cervical artery, ascending cervical artery
Splenius Capitis
O: liagmentum nuchae, spinous processes fo C3-T3
I: mastoid process
A: ispilateral rotation of head, extension and lateral flexion of cervical spine and head
Innervation: dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves (C2-6)
Arterial Supply: deep cervical artery, posterior intercostal arteries
Semispinalis Capitis
O: C3-T6
I: posterior occipital bone below superior nuchal line
A: extension and lateral flexion of cervical and thoracic spine and head
Innervation: dorsal primary rami of spinal nerves (C3-T6)
Arterial Supply: deep cervical artery, posterior intercostal arteries, lumbar arteries
Latissimus Dorsi
O: inferior angle of scapula, 9th-12th ribs, T7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, posterior 1/3 of iliac crest
I: crest of lesser tuberosity of humerus and intertubercular groove
A: extension, adduction, internal rotation of arm
Innervation: thoracordorsal nerve
Arterial Supply: thoracordorsal artery
Pectoralis Major
O: medial half of clavicle, sternum
I: greater tuberosity of humerus
A: adduction, internal rotation, flexion
Innervation: medial and lateral pectoral nerves
Arterial Supply: pectoral and deltoid branch of thoracromial artery, anterior intercostal artery, internal thoracic artery
Pectoralis Minor
O: 3rd-5th ribs I: coracoid process A: draws scapula downward, rotates glenoid inferiorly Innervation: medial pectoral nerve Arterial Supply:
Teres Major
O: inferior angle of scapula I: lesser tuberosity of humerus A: internally rotate, adduct, extend Innervation: lower subscapular nerve Arterial Supply:
Subscapularis
O: subscapular fossa I: lesser tuberosity of humerus A: internal rotation Innervation: subscapular nerve Arterial Supply:
Serratus Anterior
O: 1st-9th ribs I: medial border of scapula A: superior external rotation of scapula, draws scapula internally and forward, lowers arm from raise position, elevates eribs Innervation: long thoracic nerve Arterial Supply: lateral thoracic artery
What are the walls of the Axilla?
anterior: pec major and minor
medial: serratus anterior
posterior: subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi
lateral: intertubercle groove of humerus
Teres Minor
O: upper 2/3 of lateral margin of scapula
I: greater tubercle of humerus
A: external rotation and adduction
Innervation: axillary nerve
Arterial Supply: circumflex scapular artery, posterior circumflex humeral artery
Scapular Spine
- articulates with humerus at glenohumeral joint and clavicle at AC joint, forming shoulder joint
- 17 muscles attach to it, so usually resistant to fractures
