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ANAT 315 - ARI > Back and neck muscles (lec 5) > Flashcards

Back and neck muscles (lec 5) Flashcards

1
Q

Extrinsic muscles (types of muscles)

A
  • superficiel mucles
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2
Q

primary function of extrinsic muscles

A

movement of the upper limb

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3
Q

innervation of the extrinsic muscles

A

Anterior rami of spinal nerves

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4
Q

Attachement site of the intrinsic muscles of the back

A

vertebrae or ribs

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5
Q

the primary function of the intrinsic muscle of the back

A

movement and support of the vertebral column

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6
Q

innervation of the intrinsic muscles of the back

A

postériori rami of spinal nerves

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7
Q

muscles of the #1 layer (superficial) of the extrinsic muscles

A
  • latissimus dorsi
  • Trapezius
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8
Q

origine of the latissimus dorsi

A

T7-T12 spinous process thoracolumbar fascia, ilium

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9
Q

insertion of the latissimus dorsi

A

intertubercular groove of humerus

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10
Q

Function of the Latissimus dorsi

A

Primary at shoulder
- in back: bilateral function - spine extension
- in back: unilateral function - ipsilateral (same side), lateral flexion of lumbar spine

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11
Q

innervation of the latissimus dorsi

A

thoracodorsal n. (C6-C8)

  • limb mucle, but synergist of other back muscles
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12
Q

the shape of the trapezius

A

diamond

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13
Q

the origin of the trapezius

A

back of skull, spinous processes C7-T12, nuchal ligament

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14
Q

insertion of the trapezius

A

scapula

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15
Q

function of the trapezius (with fixed scapula)

A
  • bilateral function: neck extension
  • unilateral funcition: ipsilateral: lateral flexion, contralateral: rotation of the cervical spine
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16
Q

innervation of the trapezius

A

accessory spinal n.

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17
Q

Function of the trapezius (with fixed scapula)

A
  • bilateral function: neck extension
    -unilateral function: ipsilateral: lateral flexion, contralateral: rotation of the cervical spine
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18
Q

innervation of the trapezius

A

accessory spinal n.

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19
Q

origin of the elevator scapulae

A

cervical spine

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20
Q

ins of the levator scapulae

A

superior/medial border of scapula

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21
Q

fonction of the levator scapulae

A

primary movement of scapula

secondary: movement at cervical spine (neck)
-unilateral - ipsilateral, lateral flexion of cervical spine
- bilateral - extension of cervical spine

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22
Q

innervation of the levator scapula

A

C3-C5

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23
Q

the shaped of the rhomboid major and minor

A

like rhomboids

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24
Q

orig of the rhomboid

A

cervical and thoracic spine

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25
Q

ins of the rhomboid

A

inferomedial border of the scapula

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26
Q

funcition of the rhomboid

A

none in back, movement of the scapula

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27
Q

innervation of the rhomboid

A

Dorsal scapular (C5)

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28
Q

orig of the serratus posterior superior

A

nuchal ligament, SP of C7 to T4

29
Q

ins of the serratus posterior superior

A

superior border of ribs 1-4

30
Q

function of the serratus posterior superior

A

elevation of upper ribs

31
Q

innervation of the serratus posterior superior

A

T2-T5 (anterior rami)

32
Q

orgie of the serratus posterior inferior

A

thoracolumbar fascia and SPs of T11-T12

33
Q

ins of the serratus posterior inferior

A

Inferior border ribs (8/9)-12

34
Q

function of the serratus posterior inferior

A

depression of lower ribs

35
Q

innervation of the serratus posterior inferior

A

T9-T12 (anterior rami)

36
Q

Intrinsics – Intermediate – Erector spinae

A

3 parallel columns, from lateral to
medial: Iliocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis

37
Q

I Like Standing

A
  • Iliocostalis
    -Longissimus
  • Spinalis
38
Q

origins of liocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis

A

Sacrum/ilium, spinous processes

39
Q

insertion of the Iliocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis

A

ribs (I/L), transverse processes
(L), spinous processes (S)

40
Q

function of the Iliocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis

A

• Bilateral: extension of the spine
• Unilateral: lateral flexion of spine (esp.
iliocostalis)

41
Q

innervation of the Iliocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis

A

posterior/dorsal rami of
adjacent spinal nerves

42
Q

fascia

A

tissue

43
Q

fascia at the end of iliocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis

A

Thoracolumbar Fascia

44
Q

Deep - Transversospinalis

A
  • Semispinalis
  • Multifidus
  • rotatores
45
Q

Semispinalis

A

Some extension of the
head (capitis)

46
Q

Multifidus

A

Most prominent in
lumbar region

47
Q

Orig.: Transversospinalis

A

Transverse processes

48
Q

Insert.:Transversospinalis

A

Spinous processes

49
Q

Function(s Transversospinalis

A

bilateral: extension
of spine, unilateral: contralateral
rotation of spine

50
Q

innervation Transversospinalis

A

posterior rami

51
Q

rotatores (2)

A

longus
brevis

52
Q

splenius (2 parts)

A

Capitis: nuchal lig. + SP C7-T2, to
skull (mastoid process)
Cervicis: SemisPinalis of T3-T6 to TP of C1-C3

53
Q

function splenius

A

Bilateral: extension of the spine
• Unilateral: ipsilateral lateral
flexion and rotation of the head
and cervical spine (shaking head)

54
Q

innervation Splenius

A

Posterior rami of
cervical nerves

55
Q

Suboccipital muscles – posture/motion of head

A
  • Rectus capitis posterior (‘straight of head’)
    -Obliquus capitis (‘oblique of head’)
56
Q

Rectus capitis posterior (‘straight of head’)

A

-(1) R.c. minor (posterior C1 to occiput)
• (2) R.c. major (SP of C2 to occiput)
• Extension (bilateral) and ipsilateral flexion of
head, ipsilateral rotation of head (major)

57
Q

Obliquus capitis (‘oblique of head’)

A

(3) O.c. superior (TP of C1 to occiput)
• (4) O.c. inferior (SP of C2 to TP of C1)
• Extension (bilateral), and ipsilateral flexion of
head, ipsilateral rotation of head (inferior)

58
Q

borders Suboccipital Triangle

A

Rectus capitis posterior
major (sup.), obliquus
capitis superior (lat.), and
obliquus inferior (inf.)

59
Q

Contents Suboccipital Triangle

A
  • Vertebral artery
    • Posterior ramus of C1 –
    suboccipital nerve, to all
    suboccipital muscles
60
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A
  • sternum
  • clavicle
  • mastoid process
61
Q

function Sternocleidomastoid

A
  • Bilateral: extension of the
    head/neck; flexion of the neck (inferior
    cervical vertebrae - sternal head)
  • Unilateral: contralateral rotation,
    ipsilateral lateral flexion
62
Q

Innervation: Sternocleidomastoid

A

Spinal accessory n.

63
Q

Rectus capitis lateralis

A

(TP atlas to
occiput), ipsilateral head flexion

64
Q

Rectus capitis anterior

A

TP atlas to occiput
ipsilateral rotation, flexion

65
Q

Longus capitis

A

(TP cervical verts
to occiput), head flexion

66
Q

Longus colli

A

(body C/T verts to
body or TP cervical verts),
bilateral: neck flexion, ipsilateral
flexion of cervical spine (~neck)

67
Q

Scalenes (3 parts):

A

TPs
of cervical vertebrae C2-
C7 to first rib (anterior and
middle scalenes) or second
rib (posterior scalene)

Function: elevate ribs (A,
resp.) OR flex cervical
spine (B, bilateral), and
lateral flexion of cervical
spine (ipsilateral)

68
Q

innervation scalenes

A

anterior rami
C3-C8

69
Q

innervation Neck – Deep anterior 1

A

anterior rami
C1-C3

ANAT 315 - ARI (7 decks)

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