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Question 1

Multifidus

Answer 1

O: APs and DSPs C2-caudal sacrum

I: DSPs of vertebrae above the origin (except C1 atlas)

Stability of vertebral joints
Assists longissimus and iliocostals with lateral flexion, dorsal flexion + extension

Question 2

Intercostals

Answer 2

O: boarder of rib on tubercles

I: boarder of adjacent rib cartilages

Inhalation

Question 3

Longissimus dorsi

Answer 3

O: DSPs thoracic, lumbar, S1-S3
Ventral ilium

I: TPs thoracic, lumbar, C4-7
APs lumbar
Lateral rib surfaces (except the 1st)
DSPs C4-7

Back extension
Lateral back flexion
Back support

Longissimus capitis, cervicis, thoracis/lumborum

Question 4

Latissimus dorsi

Answer 4

O: supraspinous ligament T3-croup
Throacolumbar fascia

I: teres major tuberosity of humerus

Shoulder flexion
Forelimb retraction
Lateral back flexion

Question 5

Iliocostals

Answer 5

O: angles of ribs

I: TPs C4-6/7

Back extension
Lateral back flexion
Assists expiration