Bacillus anthracis

Question 1

morphology

Answer 1

non motile,spore forming and obligate aerobic.G+

Question 2

virulent factor

Answer 2

polypeptide capsule that inhibits phagocytosis . anthrax exotoxin encoded by a plasmid.

Question 3

exotoxin has 3 heat labile

Answer 3

protective antigen,lethal factor and edema factor.

Question 4

pathogenesis

Answer 4

the ability to form endospores allows the organism to survive in adverse conditions.It is a zoonotic disease. Its pathogenicity is due to the capsule and the toxin that causes edema and necrosis

Question 5

3 forms based on their route of entry

Answer 5

inhalation,inoculation andingestion.

Question 6

inhalation

Answer 6

also called pulmonary anthrax. inhalation of airborne endospores from animal products or contaminated soil. upon reaching the lungs the spores germinate into bacilli and secrete toxins that enter circulation. The exotoxins enter microphages by engulfment.

Question 7

inoculation

Answer 7

cutaneous anthrax. endospores enter through cuts or abrasions from contaminated soil or infected animal products. germination and growth of the pathogen at the site of innoculation produces a papule that becomes increasingly necrotic and later ruptures to form a painless black eschar.

Question 8

ingestion

Answer 8

gastrointestinal anthrax. acquired through ingestion of contaminated meat.

Question 9

Bacillus cereus

Answer 9

similar to anthracis but it is motile and non capsulated.

Question 10

pathogenesis

Answer 10

found on foods especially rice,potato ,meat.It multiplies readily in cooked food .The spores survive short periods of cooking and reheating.when the food is stored at room temperature,the spores germinate and release enterotoxins.