Baasta Kay Maam Puso Wjisk Flashcards
Is the process of planning and conducting transactions across national borders to create exchanges that satisfy the objectives of individuals and organizations.
INTERNATIONAL MARKETING
is subject to a new set of macro-environmental factors, to different constraints, and to quite frequent conflicts resulting from different laws, cultures, and societies.
INTERNATIONAL MARKETING
The basic principles of marketing still apply, but their applications, complexity, and intensity may vary substantially.
INTERNATIONAL MARKETING
BASIC TENETS OF MARKETING
SATISFACTION
EXCHANGE
MAJOR CONSIDERATIONS
-How does the marketing concept fit into these societies?
-How should distribution systems be organized?
-How can marketing contribute to economic development and the improvement of society?
-How can we get the price mechanism to work?
WHAT ARE THE INTERNATIONAL MARKETING TASK?
- FIRM CHARACTERISITICS: CONTROLLABLE
- DOMESTIC ENVIRONMENT: UNCONTROLLABLE
- FOREIGN ENVIRONMENT: UNCONTROLLABLE
UNDER FIRM CHARACTERISTICS
-Price
-Product
-Promotion
-Channels of Distribution
-Research
UNDER DOMESTIC ENVIRONMENT
-Competitive Structure
-Political/legal force
-Economic climate
UNDER FOREIGN ENVIRONMENT
-Economic Forces
-Competitive Forces
-Level Of Technology
-Structure of Distribution
-Geography and Infrastructure
-Cultural Forces
-Political/legal forces
WHAT ARE THE STAGES OF INTERNATIONAL MARKETING INVOLVEMENT
- NO DIRECT FOREIGN MARKETING
- INFREQUENT FOREIGN MARKETING
- REGULAR FOREIGN MARKETING
- INTERNATIONAL MARKETING
- GLOBAL MARKETING
A company in this stage does not actively cultivate customers outside national boundaries; however, this company’s products may reach foreign markets.
NO DIRECT FOREIGN MARKETING
Temporary surpluses caused by variations in production levels or demand may result in infrequent marketing overseas.
INFREQUENT FOREIGN MARKETING
The surpluses are characterized by their temporary nature; therefore, sales to foreign markets are made as goods become available, with little or no intention of maintaining continuous market representation.
INFREQUENT FOREIGN MARKETING
At this level, the firm has permanent productive capacity devoted to the production of goods and services to be marketed in foreign markets.
REGULAR FOREIGN MARKETING
A firm may employ foreign or domestic overseas intermediaries, or it may have its own sales force or sales subsidiaries in important foreign markets.
REGULAR FOREIGN MARKETING
Companies in this stage are fully committed to and involved in international marketing activities. Such companies seek markets all over the world and sell products that are a result of planned production for markets in various countries.
INTERNATIONAL MARKETING
This planning generally entails not only the marketing but also the production of goods outside the home market. At this point, a company becomes an international or multinational marketing firm.
INTERNATIONAL MARKETING
At this stage, companies treat the world, including their home market, as one market. Market segmentation decisions are no longer focused on national borders. Instead, market segments are defined by income levels, usage patterns, or other factors that frequently span countries and regions.
GLOBAL MARKETING
TRANSNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS
AFFECTING WORLD TRADE
- World Trade Organization (WTO)
- World Bank
- International Monetary Fund (IMF)
- Regional Institutions
marked the biggest reform of international trade since the end of the Second World War.
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
When was WTO created?
JANUARY 1, 1995
Is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations
WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
how many member states in WTO
164
Conceived in 1994 during the Bretton Woods Conference with 44 representative, but created in 1945
INTERNATIIONAL MONETARY FUND
