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GM Feb 2019 > BA 466 > Flashcards

BA 466 Flashcards

1
Q

At what incidents should BA be the default level of RPE?

A

For fires and other incidents presenting an acute respiratory hazard

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2
Q

Define the term Entry point?

A

The point of entry into a risk area.

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3
Q

Define the term Entry control point?

A

The position for the command and control, deployment and monitoring of BA wearers into a risk are

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4
Q

Define the term New entry

A

Where a BA wearer has cylinder contents above the minimum entry pressure (240 bar) when reporting to the entry control officer

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5
Q

Define the term Re-entry?

A

Following withdrawal and closing down, the BA wearer is required to re-enter the risk area to perform a specific task (minimum cylinder contents 190 bar, maximum duration 15 minutes).

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6
Q

In terms of good practice how should the sizes of BA teams be constructed?

A

Use multiple BA teams of two who can, if required, can work together.

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7
Q

What are the exceptional operational circumstances where one firefighter can wear BA?

A

Car fires. Rubbish fires.Hot cuttingWorking a monitor at the head of an aerial appliance

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8
Q

Under what circumstances can a single wearer be committed in BA?

A

In the open air. In line of sight from the ECO.

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9
Q

At fires, when can BA teams be committed without extinguishing media?

A

To carry out support functions such as hose management and ventilation following a risk assessment (RA) by the IC.

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10
Q

What is the weight of: A standard BA set An extended duration BA set

A

15.5Kg & 22 Kg

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11
Q

What are the various methods to limit heat build-up, and to ensure that these effects are minimised?

A
  • IC or SC to establish a shaded holding and recovery area, away from the immediate risk area, where BA wearers can muster and rest.
  • BA wearers within the holding and recovery area should relax their firefighting PPE to allow their body to cool as normal (Where emergency teams are standing by at the incident, they are to remain fully rigged).
  • Drinking water must be available at the holding and recovery area to allow personnel to rehydrate, use of personal water bottles should be encouraged (At hazardous materials incidents drinking water is only to be allowed under the direction of the HMEPO or SA).
  • Recognise the stresses of the tasks that BA wearers are required to complete. Ensure that BA teams are relieved at appropriate intervals.
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12
Q

A primary requirement of any incident is the need for the exchange of information between all involved, what should all personnel ensure takes place with regards to communication in BA?

A
  1. A comprehensive briefing for the BA team takes place prior to deployment.
  2. A comprehensive debriefing takes place on withdrawal.
  3. Full exchange of information on handover/take-over of tasks with other BA teams.
  4. Regular updates from BA team leader on conditions, progress and team status.
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13
Q

What resources are mobilised when EDBA is requested?

A

Brigade Control will mobilise 3 FRUs and 3 EDBA support pumps.

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14
Q

In relation to the commitment of BA, what are the responsibilities of an IC?

A
  1. Nominate BA team leaders. Where possible the team leader should be a minimum of crew manager. (For emergency BA teams the team leader must be a minimum of crew manager).
  2. Brief BA teams and confirm understanding.
  3. Confirm the role and responsibilities of the ECO
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15
Q

Where should all briefings and debriefings for use at PROs, PRCs, safety events and inquiries be recorded?

A

The Information Recording Board carried on all pumping appliances will perform this function.

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16
Q

When should the debriefing of a BA team take place?

A

Immediately after BA teams close down.

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17
Q

What are the danger signs that should be looked for during a BA team debrief, that will help indicate the extent of heat, smoke and fire conditions?

A

Some of the danger signs are:

  1. Heat damaged and/or steaming fire gear on exiting.
  2. Signs of exhaustion.
  3. Air consumption significantly above the normal consumption taking into account the tasks undertaken.
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18
Q

When is it expected a BA team leader will decide to withdraw from the hazard area?

A
  1. Any BA team member has an uncontrolled loss of air.
  2. A low pressure warning/whistle sounds.
  3. Any BA team member seems unwell or confused.
  4. Any BA team member’s Bodyguard display becomes faulty or unreadable.
  5. A BA team member’s ADSU/DSU sounds (ECO should also be alerted to this by the ECB).
  6. Any BA team member indicates they may have been exposed to an irrespirable atmosphere due to a dislodged or defective facemask.
  7. A complete loss of both radio and telemetry signals simultaneously.
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19
Q

What are the actions if communications or contact is lost with any BA team without warning?

A

A BA team will be committed to investigate. If it is established that the original BA team is in difficulty and the IC immediately informed.

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20
Q

Define the term working duration?

A

This is the time between taking the first breath, and the operation of the low pressure warning/whistle

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21
Q

What are the different methods of building construction that may affect or reduce telemetry signal strength?

A
  1. Large industrial properties – IC should consider the early deployment of repeaters at this type of incident. Where possible, the repeater should be placed off the ground and at a point just before telemetry signal is lost by the BA team.
  2. Basements, underground complexes and complicated buildings – IC should consider the early deployment of both repeaters and leaky feeder at this type of incident. Telemetry signals do not travel downwards as efficiently as when travelling at the same level.

Note: Domestic/small industrial properties signal strength is normally maintained between the ECB and BA teams.

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22
Q

Define the term Re-entry?

A

Where the BA wearer has closed down BA set and is redeployed to complete a specific task that does not include firefighting (190 bar minimum and no longer than 15 minutes duration).

23
Q

What criteria needs to be met for re-entry to take place?

A
  1. All BA team members are fit for ‘re-entry’.
  2. All BA team members have a cylinder content of at least 190 bar.
  3. The task will be of short duration and the incident commander considers the BA wearers have sufficient air to complete it without impinging on the safety margin.
24
Q

In exceptional circumstances the IC can re-use BA wearers at the same incident if no fresh BA wearers are available and there is no reason to doubt those wearers fitness, what precautions should the IC carry out?

A

Incident commanders must carry out an assessment in consultation with the BA wearers in order to be satisfied that the team are rested, re-hydrated and fit for a subsequent entry.

25
Q

What stage entry control procedures should be in place to use guidelines?

A

Stage 2

26
Q

What stage entry control procedures should be in place to use EDBA?

A

Stage 2

27
Q

What are the circumstances where the wearing of GTS can be extended beyond that of 20 minutes?

A

Where the work rate is low or the weather conditions are cool.

However, where an extension of work time beyond 20 minutes is agreed between the IC and the wearer, the information must also be conveyed to the ECO.

Agreement for an extension to the wearing time must be agreed with each wearer, not with the team leader alone.

28
Q

When should Stage 2 entry control procedures be adopted in relation to the wearing of GTS?

A

Where they are intended to be used out of sight of the ECO.

29
Q

Define the role of the Communications operative (Comms-Op)?

A

The person responsible for maintaining communications between BA teams and entry control point (ECP).

30
Q

Define the role of the Entry control point supervisor (ECPS)?

A

Provides a greater level of control at an ECP and is appointed when Stage II entry control is used.

31
Q

Define the term Time ‘of’ warning?

A

Time at which low pressure warning actuates.

32
Q

Define the term Time ‘to’ warning?

A

The remaining working duration until actuation of low pressure warning.

33
Q

Define the term Turn-around pressure (TAP)

A

The pre-determined cylinder pressure at which the BA team should commence withdrawal from the risk area so that the ECP is reached before the low pressure warning actuates.

34
Q

What restrictions should be used when a single wearer procedure is used?

A
  1. Where operations are not within a building or structure. A single BA wearer is not to enter a building, structure or any other significant risk area alone.
  2. The BA wearer is always in view of the IC or other nominated officer or crew member and can be quickly removed from the risk area.
35
Q

What actions should be taken where exceptional circumstances has meant that personnel have been unable to record a the test results of an ‘A’ test?

A

The wearer needs to verbally confirm with their watch officer that the BA set has been checked and is working satisfactorily. If committed to a risk area personnel will ensure that ‘A’ test not recorded’ is entered onto the ECB by the ECO

36
Q

What is the minimum level of detail that a BA team briefing should include?

A
  1. Where and how they are to enter the risk area.
  2. Team objectives and their part in the ICs plan.
  3. Any identified hazards.
  4. Any limitations on wear duration (on instructions from the person responsible for the ECP).
37
Q

When should an IC nominate a BA emergency team?

A

As soon as resources allow.

38
Q

List the criteria for the make-up of a BA emergency team?

A
  1. Led by a minimum role of crew manager (CM).
  2. At least as large as the largest BA team or teams working together on the same task.
  3. Rigged to at least the same level of PPE/RPE as BA teams already committed.
  4. Switched to the same radio channel as BA teams already committed.
  5. Consist of BA wearers who have not previously been committed to the risk area, unless the knowledge of those wearers is required to allow the team to be effective
39
Q

What equipment should be established for the use of BA emergency teams?

A
  1. An additional ECB set up and annotated ‘BA emergency team’ for use by the BA emergency team if committed.
  2. One ‘second set’
  3. A charged 45 mm second jet (if not already in place).
  4. Where resources allow this should be from an alternative pump and water supply.
40
Q

What is the minimum pressure required for decontamination of a GTS wearer before a supplementary air supply is required from a second set?

A

100 bar

41
Q

When should Main guidelines must be used?

A
  1. Where no other suitable means exist for tracing the way out of a risk area, such as when hose lines are submerged or tangled or premises layout is complex.
  2. To enter high expansion foam.
42
Q

When should Branch guidelines be used?

A
  1. When there is a need to search off the main guideline a distance greater than can be achieved with the full length of a personal line (i.e. 6m).
  2. Branch guidelines must not be extended.
  3. No more than two main guidelines and four branch guidelines can be in use from any single ECP.
  4. Where practicable guidelines should not be laid closer than 6m to one another as this may lead to confusion when BA teams are traversing them
43
Q

What are the factors that should be considered when establishing a bridgehead or forward BA entry control point?

A
  1. The potential for the incident to escalate.
  2. Availability of access and egress points to the risk area.
  3. BA team safety and welfare.
  4. Availability of water supplies.
  5. Effective communications with BA teams, IC and/or SC.
  6. The level of supervision and support necessary for the ECO.
  7. The distance from the initial point of access to the ECP
44
Q

What are the precautions to be adopted when working in high expansion foam?

A
  1. Guidelines must be used whenever BA teams are committed into Hi-Ex foam.
  2. Stage II entry control must be established
  3. The ECO must ensure that the BA wearer’s LDV outer rubber casing is pulled away from the LDV body.
45
Q

Define the term Distress to wearer (DTW)?

A

Any malfunction of a BA set, which is likely to or has the potential to deprive the wearer of air or expose them to a contaminated atmosphere (this includes cosmetic smoke).

46
Q

Under what circumstances should a distress to wearer need reporting in RIDDOR?

A
  1. During: Actual use (operational or training).
  2. Any checks before use in a contaminated atmosphere (don and start or incident ground ‘A’ test).
  3. When BA is being worn after leaving a contaminated atmosphere.
  4. Where, due to restriction in the wearer’s ability to operate the controls or remove the face mask, there is an actual or potential deprivation of air to the wearer.
  5. Where a defective BA set harness prevents the set continuing to be worn by pulling on the face mask causing potential deprivation of air.
47
Q

When can BA wearers from other brigades be committed at the same incident?

A
  1. If deployed in separate sectors.
  2. They only use the equipment from their own FRS.
  3. They are under the control of an ECO/ECPS with ECBs from their own FRS.
  4. BA teams must only consist of BA wearers from the same FRS.
  5. Each FRS will have its own ECB.
  6. Each ECP BA emergency team must support BA wearers from the same FRS and be equipped with the appropriate ‘second set’ as rescue equipment
48
Q

Following BA wears within the risk area what is the minimum rest and recovery periods and re-hydration amounts?

A
  1. Following ambient BA wear 30 minutes rest and consume 500ml of cool water.
  2. Following hot and humid BA wear 60 minutes rest and consume 1000ml of cool water.

These rest and recovery periods will only be shortened in exceptional circumstances i.e. to save a savable life when no fresh BA wearers are available.

49
Q

What are the three different ways BA wearers may be subjected to heat?

A
  1. Environmental conditions – heat generated by the environment in which a BA wearer is working.
  2. Metabolic heat generation – this is the heat created by the BA wearer through normal functions.
  3. Psychological stress – may also increase the rate of metabolic heat generation.
50
Q

What is the criteria for the use of BA under stage 1?

A
  1. Incident requires a limited number of BA wearers over a limited period of time.
  2. Incident and any structures involved are small and not complex.
  3. Limited to six wearers deployed into the risk area at any one time.
  4. Limited to one ECP.
  5. The IC must nominate a BA emergency team as soon as resources are available.
  6. When resources permit the IC will nominate a Comms-Op.
51
Q

What is the criteria for the use of BA under stage 2?

A

Stage II procedures are to be used when any of the following apply:

  1. More than one ECP is required.
  2. More than six wearers are deployed into the risk area at any one time.
  3. The incident and structures involved are complex and or the increased deployment of BA, plus the increased risks associated with BA operations, demand a greater degree of control and supervision.
  4. BA operations are likely to be protracted.
  5. Guidelines are required.
  6. The risks presented to BA teams demand a higher level of BA emergency provision, involving the need for BA emergency teams.
  7. EDBA is required.
  8. BA telemetry repeater(s) or leaky feeder is deployed.
  9. Confirmed basement fire (where size and layout indicate Stage II is appropriate).
  10. BA emergency team(s) have been committed.
  11. When chemical protective clothing wearers are out of the line of sight of ECP.
  12. When committing BA wearers to Hi-Ex foam.
  13. When other agencies are being committed in BA.
52
Q

When must an Entry Control Point Supervisor be appointed?

A

When stage 2 entry control is established.

53
Q

When siting the ECP, what must an IC consider?

A
  1. To minimise background noise.
  2. As near to the scene of operations as possible.
  3. To take into consideration weather conditions (wind direction).
  4. In such a position that it should not be necessary to reposition the ECP if the incident escalates.

GM Feb 2019 (17 decks)

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