B9- Respiration Flashcards
What is the formula for aerobic respiration?
Glucose + oxygen > carbon dioxide + water (energy transferred to the environment)
What does the energy transferred supply?
All the energy needed for living processes
What is the energy transferred during respiration used to enable?
Muscles to contract
What do the body responses to exercise include?
An increase in the heart rate in the breathing rate and in the breath volume
Glycogen stores in the muscles are converted to glucose for cellular respiration
-the flow of oxygenated blood to the muscles increases.
What do these responses act to increase?
The rate of supply of glucose and oxygen to the muscles and and the rate of removal of carbon dioxide from the muscles
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in humans and animals?
Glucose > lactic acid (energy transferred to the environment)
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in other organisms.
Glucose > ethanol + carbon dioxide (energy transferred to the environment)
Why do muscles respire anaerobically?
If muscles work to hard for a long time they become fatigued and don’t contract efficiently. If they don’t get enough oxygen they will respire anaerobically.
What is anaerobic respiration?
Respiration without oxygen. When this takes place in animal cells, glucose in incompletely broken down to form lactic acid
Does anaerobic breakdown of glucose transfer less energy than aerobic respiration.
Yes
What is oxygen debt?
The amount of oxygen needed is known as the oxygen debt. After exercise oxygen is still needed to convert the accumulated lactic acid into glucose.
What is metabolism?
Yeh sum of all the chemical reactions in a cell or the body
What are the functions of the liver?
Detoxifying poisonous substances such as the ethanol from alcoholic drinks
Passing the breakdown products into the blood so they can be excreted in the urine via the kidneys
Breaking down old, worn out blood cells and storing the iron until it is needed to synthesise more blood cells
