B9 Respiration Flashcards
What is aerobic respiration
Aerobic respiration is when glucose and oxygen react which transfers energy that our cells use and carbon and water are produced as waste products of the reaction.
Is aerobic respiration exothermic or endothermic.
Aerobic respiration in exothermic
Equation for aerobic respiration
C₆H₁₂O₆+ 6O₂——>6CO₂ + 6H₂O
Where does aerobic respiration take place
It takes place in the mitochondria of your cells.
What are mitochondria
Mitochondria are tiny rod-shaped parts (organelles) that are found in almost all plant and animal cells as well as fungal and algal cells.
They have a folded inner membrane that provides a large surface area for the enzymes involved in aerobic respiration
Why is aerobic respiration important
The energy transferred during respiration supplies all the energy needs for living processes in cells.
Living cells need energy to carry ou the basic function of life
Energy from respiration is transferred to make muscles contact
Mammals and birds maintain a constant body temperature regardless of the temperature or surroundings
Explain what happens during exercise
During exercise, muscles need more energy, therefore the muscle cells need to respire more, therefore they need more O2
Therefore breathing and heart rate go up.
What happens if oxygen can’t be delivered quick enough
If the demand for energy is so high that oxygen cannot be delivered quickly enough than energy from the breakdown of glucose can still be transferred.
What is metabolism
Metabolism is all the reactions in the body
What are some common metabolic reactions
The conversion of glucose to starch, glycogen and cellulose
• the formation of lipid molecules from a molecule of glycerol and three fatty acid molecules
• the use of glucose and nitrate ions to form amino acids that are then used to make proteins
• the reactions of respiration
• the reactions of photosynthesis
• the breakdown of excess proteins in the liver to form urea for excretion in the urine by the kidneys.
What is the role of the liver in aiding recovery while/after respiring anaerobically
Liver cells grow and regenerate themselves very rapidly. The liver is a very active organ with many different metabolic functions.
One important role of the liver is in dealing with the lactic acid produced by the muscles during anaerobic respiration. Blood flowing through the muscles transports the lactic acid to the liver where it is converted back into glucose.
If it isn’t needed, the glucose made from the lactic acid may be converted to glycogen and stored in the liver until it is needed.
What is anaerobic respiration
Anaerobic respiration is respiration without oxygen.
When this happens/takes place in animal cells, glucose os incompletely broken down to form lactic acid.
Equation for anaerobic respiration
Glucose ———————-> lactic acid (energy transferred into the environment
What is oxygen dept
After exercise oxygen is still needed to convert the accumulated lactic acid into glucose. The amount of oxygen needed is known as oxygen dept
Why is anaerobic rerespiration used
If muscles work hard for a long time, they become fatigued and don’t contract efficiently. If they don’t get enough oxygen, they will respire anaerobically.