B9 - Respiration Flashcards
Respiration equation
Glucose + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
What type of reaction is respiration
Exothermic
How is respiration energy used?
Make larger molecules from smaller ones, active transport, muscle contraction and maintaining body temperature
Anaerobic respiration equation in animals
Glucose -> lactic acid
How is lactic acid dealt with
Removed from the muscle cells by the blood and transported to the liver where it is turned back into glucose by reacting with oxygen.
What is oxygen debt
Oxygen debt is the oxygen required to remove the buildup of lactic acid and it explains why we “puff and pant” after vigorous exercise has stopped.
Anerobic respiration equation in plants and yeast
Glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide
Anaerobic vs aerobic
Anaerobic:
Lactic acid/ethanol, no oxygen, incomplete glucose breakdown, little energy released
Aerobic:
Carbon dioxide + water, oxygen, complete glucose breakdown, lots of energy released
What happens to us during excercise
Heart rate increases
Breathing rate and breath volume increase
Arteries supplying muscles dilate
= More oxygen and glucose being delivered to respiring muscle cells for respiration. More carbon dioxide, lactic acid and heat can also be removed from the muscle cells.
What is metabolism
Metabolism is the sum of all of the biological reactions occurring in a cell or in the body. Enzymes control the reactions of metabolism, which uses energy transferred by respiration.
Liver functions
The conversion of lactic acid back into glucose
Detoxification of poisonous substances like ethanol in alcohol
The breakdown of old red blood cells
The breakdown of excess amino acids into urea (which is excreted in urine)
The formation/breakdown of glycogen
