B9 RESPIRATION Flashcards
What is respiration
The reaction which occurs inside every cell of an animals body. It’s the release of energy from food.(exothermic). We must burn the food this needs oxygen from the blood, when anything is burned carbon dioxide and watee is releasead and placed back into the blood
Where does the oxygen come from needed for respiration
It comes from the person breathing in. When this occurs carbon dioxide is removed when you breathe back out.
What is ventillation
Breathing in and out
Where does mitochrondria occur and how is it adpated
Takes places in the mitochondria found in cells (singular - mitochondrian)
Has folded inner membranes giving larger surface area for reactions
4 reasons why living things need to respire
Needed for energy for all basic cell functions
Needed to maintain costant internal temp
To build new molecules
For all muscle contractions(movement) including heart and stomach
The response to exerciss
More energy is required in exercising muscles,so more respiration must occur there.more oxygen and glucose are both needed to fuel this increased rate of respiration
What happens when we exercise 2 ways and explanation
Heart rate increases and the arteries supplying blood widen which increases flow of oxygenated blood to your muscles increasing rate of supply of oxygen and glucose for the increased celluar respiration needed.
Breathing rate increases. Meaning you bring in more air into your lungs. The rate at which oxygen is brought into your body and picked up by your red blood cells is increased and this oxygen is carried to your body.
What happens if you’re glucose supply runs low from stretching yourself during exercise
It will be low so glycogen,stored in the liver is converted back to glucose
What does it mean to be fit
Our heart is a muscle by exercising it we can make it stronger. A stronger heart needs to beat less often to pump your blood around your body. People with low resting pulse rates are fittest
What is aerobic respiration
the release of a relatively large amount of energy in cells by the breakdown of food substances in the presence of oxygen.
What is anerobic respiration and word formula/explanation
It’s respriation without oxygen
Glucose—-> lactic acid + energy
Key point on anaerobic respiration
Releases less energy than aerobic respiration as it incompletely breaks down glucose. It produces lactic acid which leaves an oxygen debt
What is muscle fatigue
The build up of lactic acid from anaerobic respiration
What happens to lactic acid
After exercise lactic acid is converted into glucose in liver. Which is then broken down into carbon dioxide and water in the liver. The oxygen to do this comes from your deep breaths after the exercise has finished leaving you in oxygen debt.
What plant cells,bacteria and yeast form from anaerobic respiration and it’s uses
Plant cells-form ethanol and carbon dioxide(no uses)
Bacteria-some micro-organisms form lactic acid during anaerobic respiration and can be used to create yoghurts
Yeast-form ethanol and carbon dioxide. Used in fermentation to produce bread and alcaholic drinks
