B8 PHOTOSYNTHESIS Flashcards
What is photosynthesis
The process of making soluble foods from carbon dioxide and water
How do plants get energy needed for photosynthesis and what type of light is it
The sun provides light energy
Where do plants absorb the light energy
Green chlorophyll in the chloroplasts
Word equation for photosynthesis
Carbon dioxide + water —–> glucose + oxygen
(—–> = light energy)
Symbol Equation for photosynthesis
6CO2+6H2O→C6H12O6+6O2
—>= lignt energy
4 leaf adaptations for photosynthesis
They are broad giving large surface for light to fall on
They are thin Thin so diffusion distances for the gases are short
Contain chlrorphyll in the chloroplasts to asborb light
Have guard cells that open and cloze the stomata to regulate gas exchange
Uppee bit of leaf to lower(diagram)
Wax….
Upper…..
Palisade….
Spongy…..
Air….
Stoma
Lower….
Guard cell with…
Wax….
Wax cuticle
Upper epidermis
Palisade mesophyll
Spongy mesophyll
Air spacestoma
Lower epidermis
Guard cell with chloroplasts
Wax cuticle
Are plants or animals consumers or producers
Plants and algae are producers
Animals are consumers
Uses of glucose in:
Respiration
Stored as starch
Stored as suc…(in fruit)
Converts nutrients into…
Produces cellulose.. for the cell wall
Makes.. (for storage)
Immediately used to provide energy for respiration
Stored as starch to be insoluble storage
Stored as sucrose(in fruits)
Converts sugars,nitrates.nutrients to amino acids which build up protein and
Produces cellulose for the cell wall
Fats and oils
What happens to glucose during photosynthesis
Glucose is produces as a simple sugar,but plants can’t store it so convert it into starch and starch is insoluble so can be stored easily
4 factors that affect how quickly photosynthesis can occur:
Light
Temprature
Carbon dioxide concentration
Chlorophyll levels in leaf
How does light affect photosynthesis
As light increases rate the rate photosynthesis increases until another factor limits it
How does carbon dioxide concentrations affect photosynthesis
As the Carbon Dioxide increases, photosynthesis rate increases. Until another factor limits it.
How does temprature affect photosynthesis
As the temperature increases, photosynthesis
rate increases. Until it gets too hot and enzymes are denatured.
How do chlorophyll levels affect photosynthesis
If the amount of chlorophyll in a leaf is limited, less photosynthesis will take place.
What is the inverse square law and the formula
As the distance of the light increases, the intensity decreases. This is not linear
Light intensity α=1/distance^2
Best factors for plant growth
Warm enviroment
Light
Water
Carbon dioxide
Correct minerals
What are polytunnels and greenhouses
Used to grow crops ranging for strawberries to poatoes,allow plants to flower and fruit earlier so their’s a higher yield. Allows some fruits like peaches to be grown in the uk
What are hyrdoponics
Structure whicb allows plants to be grown quicker in water with the perfect balance of mineral ions.computers are used to control this enviroment which is very expenixve.however the crops are clean and unspoilt and no ploughing of fields.
The affect of light on the rate of photosynthesis required practical
1.=Cut a piece of pondweed 8-10 cm long. Then Place it in a boiling tube of water/bicarbonate with the cut end upwards.
2=Use the thermometer to measure the temperature of the water in the boiling tube.
3=Place the boiling tube in a large beaker of water to act as a heat shield and position it 10cm away from the lamp.
4=Wait until there is a steady flow of bubbles from the cut end of the pondweed. Count the number of bubbles in 2 minutes
5=Measure the temperature of the water in the boiling tube again to make sure it has not changed.
6=Repeat steps 1-5 four more times but increase the distance between the lamp and boiling tube by 10 cm each time.
7=Repeat the whole investigation two more times.
8=Calculate the mean number of bubbles for each distance, leaving out any anomalous values from your calculations.
