B9 Flashcards
What reacts in aerobic respiration
Glucose and oxygen
Products of aerobic respiration
Carbon dioxide and water
Is aerobic exothermic or endothermic
Exothermic
Word equation for aerobic respiration
Glucose + oxygen -> water + carbon dioxide
Symbol equation for aerobic respiration
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
Symbol equation for glucose
C6H12O6
Where does aerobic respiration take place
Mitochondria
Muscle relationship with respiration
More muscles mean more cells so more mitochondria to do respiration
Why do we need to respire
- to carry out basic functions of life (build larger molecules and break them down into smaller ones)
- to make muscles contract (including the heart)
- to maintain a body temperature
- in plants to transfer minerals into plant via active transport
Where and how is glucose stored
In muscles as glycogen
How does muscle activity change during physical activity
Contract harder and faster so need more energy therefore need more glucose and oxygen, they also produce more carbon dioxide and water which needs to be removed efficiently
Change to heart rate during exercise
Increases to increase blood flow and oxygen supply to muscles and increase rate of removal of waste products from muscles
Change to breathing rate during exercise
Increases amount of oxygen supplied to body and carbon dioxide is removed from bloodstream quicker from lungs
Change to glycogen during exercise
Converts to glucose to provide muscles with the fuel it needs to respire
Product of anaerobic respiration
Lactic acid
Word equation for anaerobic respiration
Glucose -> lactic acid
What is an oxygen debt
After exercise, lactic acid needs to be converted back to glucose, this requires oxygen so after exercise, your heart and breathing rates stay high to produce the oxygen to repay the debt
Anaerobic respiration in plants
Glucose -> ethanol + carbon dioxide
What is the metabolism
Sum of all reactions in cell or body
Examples of metabolic reactions
- respiration
- photosynthesis
- glucose to glycerol, starch and cellulose
- formation of proteins
- breakdown of proteins to form urea
Metabolic functions of liver
Detoxifying poisonous substances
Passing breakdown products into blood to be excreted via kidneys
Breaking down old blood cells and storing the iron until new ones are formed
How is lactic acid removed
Transported to liver via bloodstream and then turned back into glucose, if it isn’t needed then it is turned into glycerol and stored in the liver
When is the oxygen debt repaid
When the lactic acid is fully converted back into glucose which is then used in aerobic respiration to produce water and carbon dioxide
What does the hepatic vein do
Carries blood from liver to Hearst with amounts of food adjusted
