B7 - Keywords Flashcards
Bone
Rigid connective tissue that makes up the human skeleton
Muscle
Tissue that can contract and relax to produce movement
Ligament
The tissue that connects a bone to a joint
Tendon
Tissue that connects a muscle to a bone
Antagonistic pair
A pair of muscles that work together to create movement; when one contracts, the other relaxes
Symptom
A visible or noticeable effect of a disease, illness or injury
Diagnosis
The decision reached regarding the identification of a condition
Body mass index (BMI)
A measure of fitness
Sprain
A stretch or tear in a ligament
Dislocation
The displacement of a part, especially the dislocation of a bone at the joint
Vertebrate
An organism with an internal skeleton
Atrium
One of the upper chambers of the heart, which receives blood coming back to the heart
Ventricle
One of the lower chambers of the heart, which pumps blood out of the heart
Valve
A device that ensures the flow of a liquid (e.g. Blood) in the right direction
Double circulation system
Blood returns to the heart twice in each circuit of the body
Deoxygenated
A substance low on oxygen
Oxyhemoglobin
Haemoglobin with oxygen bound on
Oxygenated
A substance rich in oxygen
Artery
A muscular blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart
Vein
A blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart
Capillary
A blood vessel that connects arteries to veins; when the exchange of materials takes place
Receptor
The part of the nervous system that detects a stimulus
Effector
The part of the body, e.g. A muscle or a gland, which produces a response to a stimulus
Hypothalamus
The part of the brain responsible for maintaining homeostasis
Vasodilation
The widening of the blood vessels to increase heat loss from the surface of the skin
Vasoconstriction
The narrowing of the blood vessels to decrease heat loss from the surface of the skin
Insulin
A hormone that causes sugar to be taken from blood
Diabetes
A medical condition where blood sugar levels are too high
Closed loop system
An ecosystem where waste from one part is used by another
Desertification
Turning land into desert conditions
Greenhouse effect
Climate change/ global warming due to pollution
Eutrophication
The process that leads to the stagnation of water
Bioaccumulation
The build up of toxic materials inside living cells
Sustainable
Capable of being continued with minimal long-term effect on the environment
Fermenter
A controlled environment that maintains ideal conditions for microorganisms to carry out fermentation
Antibiotic
A type of anti microbial that kills bacteria and fungi, but not viruses
Genetic modification
The change in the genetic makeup of an organism
Vector
An organism used to transfer a gene, or genes, from one organism to another
Nanotechnology
The science of working with structures that are really small
Stem cell
A cell of a human embryo or adult bone marrow that has the ability to differentiate
Biomedical engineering
Using artificial devices to replace natural parts of an organism
